Friday, 17 June 2011

Psalm 89 - comparing the poet's thought by section

What is my ear telling me about the poet's construction of this poem?

The test can be made by restricting my keywords to those that occur more than twice. I wondered if I could eliminate those that occur only three times but they too include significant stems.  I don't want to reduce the keywords to subjective experience. So I have left them in.

Then I wonder if there is a way to help see things better: a little manipulation might involve removing columns and rows that begin their recurrence after verse 19. But when you look, you see that there are only a few new keywords introduced after verse 19.  When you consider words used three or more times, the whole poem is like a garment clothed from the words in the first 19 verses.  The recurrence in verses beyond verse 19 is not only sequential but sequence seems to dominate over reverse sequence. My ear was telling me there were sequences. My eye can see them in the table below. Words using the stem חסד - (chesed) mercy, loving kindness, always begin the thought.

  1. In verses 20-21 recalling verses 2, 4, 6 we get חסד (mercied), David, servant, holiness. 
  2. In verses 25, recalling verse 2, 13, 14 there is a brief sequence: loving-kindness, name, exalted.
  3. In verses 29-31 following verses 2, 4, 5, 6 we get חסד loving-kindness, covenant, for ever, seed, throne. 
  4. In verses 34-37 following the sequence of the first 19 verses, we have a long sequence loving-kindness, faithfulness, covenant, sworn, David, seed, throne. It is possible to go farther along this sequence, but the further elements overlap the section boundary of verse 38.  
  5. In the third section the poet returns to loving kindness only in verse 50 and the sequence is loving-kindness, swore, David, servants. A new word enters at the end, reproach, recalling the earlier poems that use reproach as a frame: 44, 69, 74, 79.

There is therefore, both observable and audible, a continuous return to חסד and each time, a repeating of previously used words that are first introduced in the first 19 verses with a differing selection of these words in sequence. Only in the delivery of the lament is there a section of the poem that does not begin with חסד.

Word and gloss * first usage12345678910123456789201234567893012345678VsStem
חסדי of the loving kindness of
░
2חסד
עולם forever
░
2עלם
לדר from generation
░
2דור
ודור to generation
░
2דור
אמונתך your faithfulness
░
2אמן
עולם ever
░
3עלם
חסד loving kindness
░
3חסד
שׁמים in the heavens
░
3שׁמים
תכן you will establish
░
3כון
אמונתך your faithfulness
░
3אמן
ברית a covenant
░
4ברה
* נשׁבעתי I have sworn
░
4שׁבע
לדוד to David
░
4דוד
עבדי my servant
░
4עבד
עד --
░
5עד
עולם forever
░
5עלם
אכין I will establish
░
5כון
זרעך your seed
░
5זרע
לדר from generation
░
5דור
ודר to generation
░
5דור
כסאך your throne
░
5כסא
שׁמים the heavens
░
6שׁמים
אף also
░
6אף
אמונתך your faithfulness
░
6אמן
קדשׁים of the holy ones
░
6קדשׁ
מי who
░
7מי
בבני among the children of
░
7בן
קדשׁים the holy ones
░
8קדשׁ
כל all
░
8כל
מי who
░
9מי
ואמונתך and your faithfulness
░
9אמן
אתה you yourself
░
10אתה
אתה you yourself
░
10אתה
אתה you yourself
░
11אתה
* כחלל as profaned
░
11חלל
בזרוע with the arm of
░
11זרע
עזך your strength
░
11עזז
אויביך your enemies
░
11איב
לך yours
░
12לך
שׁמים are the heavens
░
12שׁמים
אף also
░
12אף
לך yours
░
12לך
ארץ the earth
░
12ארץ
אתה you yourself
░
12אתה
וימין and south
░
13ימן
אתה you yourself
░
13אתה
בשׁמך to your name
░
13שׁם
לך yours
░
14לך
זרוע is arm
░
14זרע
עם --
░
14עם
גבורה a valiant
░
14גבר
תעז strong is
░
14עזז
ידך your hand
░
14יד
תרום and exalted
░
14רום
ימינך your right hand
░
14ימן
מכון are the foundation of
░
15כון
כסאך your throne
░
15כסא
חסד loving kindness
░
15חסד
פניך your face
░
15פנה
אשׁרי happy
░
16אשׁר
העם are the people
░
16עם
פניך your face
░
16פנה
בשׁמך in your name
░
17שׁם
כל every
░
17כל
היום day
░
17יום
ירומו they will be exalted
░
17רום
עזמו their strength
░
18עזז
אתה you yourself
░
18אתה
תרום will be exalted
░
18רום
ולקדושׁ and the Holy One of
░
19קדשׁ
לחסידיך to your mercied
░
20חסד
גבור one who prevails
░
20גבר
הרימותי I have exalted
░
20רום
מעם from the people
░
20עם
דוד David
░
21דוד
עבדי my servant
░
21עבד
קדשׁי my holiness
░
21קדשׁ
אשׁר that
░
22אשׁר
ידי my hand
░
22יד
תכון will be established
░
22כון
עמו with him
░
22עם
אף also
░
22אף
זרועי my arm
░
22זרע
לא not
░
23לא
אויב an enemy
░
23איב
ובן the child of
░
23בן
לא not
░
23לא
מפניו before his face
░
24פנה
ואמונתי and my faithfulness
░
25אמן
וחסדי and my loving kindness
░
25חסד
עמו are with him
░
25עם
ובשׁמי and in my name
░
25שׁם
תרום will be exalted
░
25רום
ושׂמתי and I have set
░
26שׂום
ידו his hand
░
26יד
ימינו his right hand
░
26ימן
אתה you are
░
27אתה
אף also
░
28אף
ארץ the earth
░
28ארץ
לעולם forever
░
29עלם
חסדי my loving kindness
░
29חסד
ובריתי and my covenant will be
░
29ברה
נאמנת amen
░
29אמן
ושׂמתי and I have set
░
30שׂום
לעד for ever
░
30עד
זרעו his seed
░
30זרע
וכסאו and his throne
░
30כסא
כימי as the days of
░
30יום
שׁמים heaven
░
30שׁמים
אם if
░
31אם
בניו his children
░
31בן
לא fail
░
31לא
אם if
░
32אם
* יחללו they profane
░
32חלל
לא fail
░
32לא
וחסדי but my loving kindness
░
34חסד
לא not
░
34לא
מעמו in him
░
34עם
ולא and not
░
34לא
באמונתי in my faithfulness
░
34אמן
לא not
░
35לא
* אחלל I will profane
░
35חלל
בריתי my covenant
░
35ברה
לא not
░
35לא
* נשׁבעתי I have sworn
░
36שׁבע
בקדשׁי in my holiness
░
36קדשׁ
אם --
░
36אם
לדוד to David
░
36דוד
זרעו his seed
░
37זרע
לעולם forever
░
37עלם
וכסאו and his throne
░
37כסא
יכון it will be established
░
38כון
עולם everlasting
░
38עלם
ועד in perpetuity
░
38עד
נאמן faithful
░
38אמן
ואתה but you yourself
░
39אתה
עם against
░
39עם
ברית the covenant of
░
40ברה
עבדך your servant
░
40עבד
* חללת you have profaned
░
40חלל
לארץ to the earth
░
40ארץ
כל all
░
41כל
שׂמת you have set
░
41שׂום
כל all
░
42כל
חרפה a reproach
░
42חרף
הרימות you have exalted
░
43רום
ימין the right hand of
░
43ימן
כל all
░
43כל
אויביו his enemies
░
43איב
אף also
░
44אף
ולא and fail
░
44לא
וכסאו and his throne
░
45כסא
לארץ to the earth
░
45ארץ
ימי the days of
░
46יום
עלומיו his youthful vigour
░
46עלם
עד long
░
47עד
מה how
░
47מה
מה how
░
48מה
מה what
░
48מה
כל all
░
48כל
בני the children of
░
48בן
מי how
░
49מי
גבר valour
░
49גבר
ולא and not
░
49לא
מיד from the hand of
░
49יד
חסדיך are your loving kindnesses
░
50חסד
* נשׁבעת the ones that you swore
░
50שׁבע
לדוד to David
░
50דוד
באמונתך in your faithfulness
░
50אמן
חרפת the reproach of
░
51חרף
עבדיך your servants
░
51עבד
כל all
░
51כל
עמים peoples
░
51עם
אשׁר that
░
52אשׁר
חרפו have reproached
░
52חרף
אויביך your enemies
░
52איב
אשׁר that
░
52אשׁר
חרפו they have reproached
░
52חרף
לעולם forever
░
53עלם
אמן amen
░
53אמן
ואמן and amen
░
53אמן


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