The Aramaic generic word for bring belongs in the same domain as the Hebrew word for bring. There isn't enough Aramaic to judge how flexible the root is but in Hebrew the roots /hlc/, (walk / go / come and so on) and /bva/ (bring / come / go / enter and others) fall into a category of words that have a many to many relationship with their Hebrew roots for common functions. There is no possibility of a one-for-one-onto (isomorphic) mapping between Hebrew and English words for these roots. One does come to accept this as a fact of life. But it is no excuse for lazy or even deliberately misusing glosses as if one could create ancient homonyms out of thin air.
For /yll/ I am not using a single English gloss, but multiple ones. It is a one-to-many relationship (Hebrew to English). As I reviewed it, I thought it was quite unfair to continue the tradition of classifying wanton under the domain of Sin and prodigal under the domain of Character. They are fundamentally the same concept. They are both extremes of fruitfulness. There is no fixed 'meaning' for a word even in English. He had a wanton love of poetry. Not a sin. He was prodigal of love. Also not sin. There is sin, no doubt of that - just look how we treat each other. But it is not in a word.
There are real clouds of differing senses in the use of this root yll. There's trouble in the shackle, ill-treatment, and even a unique furnace. But I moved wanton from sin to character. And I moved practice from walk to work. It is then in the same domain then as do / make / deed (ywh). Where it belongs.
But you can see the catch - practice is not an extreme, wanton and prodigal are. How did we come to associate both the ordinary and the extreme with the same root? (The use of this root also for grape-gleaning seems really odd - but here is yet another associated cloud of sense for this root.)
So what does one do with 1 Samuel 2:3? This is my translation challenge.
אַל־תַּרְבּ֤וּ תְדַבְּרוּ֙ גְּבֹהָ֣ה גְבֹהָ֔ה יֵצֵ֥א עָתָ֖ק מִפִּיכֶ֑ם
כִּ֣י אֵ֤ל דֵּעוֹת֙ יְהוָ֔ה וְל֥וֹ נִתְכְּנ֖וּ עֲלִלֽוֹת
Not with excess speak with the haughtiness of the haughty to let arrogance come out from your mouth,
for a God of knowledge is Yahweh and of him, stabilized are practices.
KJV has and by him actions are weighed.
JB has the weighing of deeds.REB has, he governs what mortals do. (It's not even close to what is written.)
Where did weighing come from? I used weigh for wql so I would probably decline to use it here but perhaps could provide a synonym. Here's my use of stable tcn. I like the gloss fair and I don't appear to have used it anywhere else so it is available for me to add to the glosses for tcn - good for CJB - hard to incorporate here though. Why actions? Why deeds? I have associated these glosses with /ywh/, though I could just let the chips fall and allow the overlap (many-to-many). What's another root thrown to the wolves of random association.
The reason I am doing this verse at present is that I am setting a magnificat to the music in 1 Samuel 2 and I was interspersing Hannah's song with Mary's song.
By the way, I can imagine how weighing of deeds could be derived from stabilizing practices, but these practices are associated with God and with the human in the psalms (see the references below). In the psalms, in traditional translations and in mine also, God is inevitably seen as prodigal, where the human is seen as wanton. I have been consistent here, but it is to be challenged. Perhaps the wanton and the prodigal should always be the non-value laden practices. Would sin disappear with a few word changes? I doubt it. But we might read differently. We might see our responsibilities in the light of the two psalms 111 and 112 and conform our practices to what we see in those attributed to God - is this even possible....
| yll | Bound | byol | 4 | בְּעֹ֖ל | into the shackle of | Jer 27:8(18) |
| בְּעֹ֣ל | into the shackle of | Jer 27:12(13) | ||||
| בְּעֹ֥ל | into the shackle of | Jer 27:11(6) | ||||
| בְּעֹֽל | in a shackle | Deu 21:3(19) | ||||
| bylil | 1 | בַּעֲלִ֣יל | in a furnace | Psa 12:7(7) | ||
| hyol | 2 | ־הָעֹ֔ל | the shackle | 1Kgs 12:9(17) 2Ch 10:9(17) | ||
| htyllt | 1 | הִתְעַלַּ֖לְתְּ | you have shackled | Num 22:29(5) | ||
| vhtyllu | 1 | וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ | and they ill-treat | Jer 38:19(18) | ||
| viyolluhu | 1 | וַיְעֹֽלְלֻ֙הוּ֙ | and they shackled | Jdg 20:45(7) | ||
| umyulo | 2 | וּמֵעֻלּ֧וֹ | and his shackles | 1Kgs 12:4(11) 2Ch 10:4(10) | ||
| vyulo | 1 | וְעֻלּ֖וֹ | and his shackle | Isa 10:27(8) | ||
| vyollti | 1 | וְעֹלַ֖לְתִּי | and shackled | Job 16:15(5) | ||
| yol | 15 | ־עֹ֖ל | the shackle of | Jer 28:2(10) Jer 28:4(23) | ||
| ־עֹ֣ל | the shackle of | Isa 9:3(3) Jer 28:11(13) | ||||
| עֹ֑ל | shackle | 1Sa 6:7(14) | ||||
| עֹ֔ל | shackle | Jer 5:5(18) | ||||
| עֹ֖ל | a shackle | Hos 11:4(9) Lam 3:27(5) | ||||
| עֹ֖ל | shackle | Isa 10:27(12) | ||||
| עֹ֣ל | a shackle | 1Kgs 12:11(5) 2Ch 10:11(5) | ||||
| עֹ֣ל | a shackle of | Jer 28:14(8) | ||||
| עֹ֤ל | a shackle of | Deu 28:48(14) | ||||
| עֹ֨ל | is the shackle of | Lam 1:14(2) | ||||
| עֹֽל | shackle | Num 19:2(25) | ||||
| yulo | 3 | עֻלּ֔וֹ | his shackle | Isa 14:25(9) | ||
| עֻלּ֖וֹ | his shackle | Gen 27:40(11) | ||||
| עֻלּוֹ֙ | his shackle | Jer 30:8(8) | ||||
| yulç | 2 | עֻלֵּ֖ךְ | your shackle | Isa 47:6(15) | ||
| עֻלֵּ֗ךְ | your shackles | Jer 2:20(4) | ||||
| yulcm | 6 | ־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם | your shackle | 1Kgs 12:11(10) 1Kgs 12:14(13) 2Ch 10:11(10) | ||
| ־עֻלְּכֶ֔ם | your shackle | 1Kgs 12:14(9) 2Ch 10:14(8) | ||||
| עֻלְּכֶ֔ם | your shackles | Lev 26:13(14) | ||||
| yulm | 1 | עֻלָּ֔ם | their shackles | Eze 34:27(20) | ||
| yulnu | 4 | ־עֻלֵּ֑נוּ | our shackles | 1Kgs 12:4(4) 2Ch 10:4(4) | ||
| ־עֻלֵּ֔נוּ | our shackles | 1Kgs 12:10(19) 2Ch 10:10(18) | ||||
| yl | 1 | עַל | a shackle of | Jer 28:15(18) | ||
| Character | htyll | 1 | הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל | he was prodigal | 1Sa 6:6(13) | |
| ubylilotiç | 1 | וּֽבַעֲלִ֖ילוֹתֶ֣יךָ | and in your prodigality | Psa 77:13(4) | ||
| vyoll | 1 | וְעוֹלֵ֣ל | and be prodigal | Lam 1:22(5) | ||
| mylli | 2 | מַֽעַלְלֵי | the prodigality of | Psa 77:12(2) Psa 78:7(6) | ||
| yoll | 1 | עוֹלַ֖ל | is prodigal as | Lam 1:12(13) | ||
| yollih | 1 | עוֹלָלֶ֛יהָ | her prodigals | Lam 1:5(12) | ||
| yollt | 1 | עוֹלַ֛לְתָּ | you have been prodigal | Lam 1:22(8) | ||
| ylilh | 1 | עֲ֝לִילָ֗ה | prodigality | Psa 66:5(6) | ||
| ylilotiv | 6 | עֲלִֽילֹתָ֑יו | his prodigality | Isa 12:4(10) | ||
| עֲלִֽילוֹתָֽיו | his prodigality | Psa 9:12(7) | ||||
| עֲלִילֹתָֽיו | his prodigality | 1Ch 16:8(7) | ||||
| עֲלִילֽוֹתָיו | his prodigality | Psa 103:7(6) | ||||
| עֲלִילוֹתָ֑יו | his prodigality | Psa 78:11(2) | ||||
| עֲלִילוֹתָֽיו | his prodigality | Psa 105:1(7) | ||||
| ylilotiiç | 1 | עֲלִילֹתַ֔יִךְ | your prodigality | Zep 3:11(6) | ||
| ylilotm | 1 | עֲלִילוֹתָֽם | their prodigality | Zep 3:7(18) | ||
| bmyllihm | 2 | בְּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶ֑ם | with their wantonness | Psa 106:29(2) | ||
| בְּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶֽם | through their own wantonness | Psa 106:39(4) | ||||
| btylulihm | 1 | בְּתַעֲלֻלֵיהֶ֗ם | in their wantonness | Isa 66:4(4) | ||
| vhtyllu | 2 | וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ | and are wanton | 1Sa 31:4(14) 1Ch 10:4(14) | ||
| vityllu | 1 | וַיִּֽתְעַלְּלוּ | and were wanton | Jdg 19:25(14) | ||
| umyllihm | 1 | וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙ | and their wantonness | Isa 3:8(8) | ||
| umyllicm | 1 | וּמַֽעֲלְלֵיכֶ֖ם | and from your wantonness | Zec 1:4(18) | ||
| lhtyoll | 1 | לְהִתְע֘וֹלֵ֤ל | wanton | Psa 141:4(6) | ||
| myllihm | 4 | מַֽעַלְלֵ֫יהֶ֥ם | their wantonness | Psa 28:4(5) | ||
| מַֽעַלְלֵיהֶֽם | their wantonness | Mic 7:13(7) | ||||
| מַעַלְלֵיהֶ֖ם | their wantonness | Isa 3:10(7) | ||||
| מַעַלְלֵיהֶֽם | from their wantonness | Mic 3:4(15) | ||||
| mylliv | 1 | מַעֲלָלָ֑יו | his wantonness | Mic 2:7(9) | ||
| mylliç | 1 | מַֽעֲלָלֶ֖יךָ | your wantonness | Deu 28:20(22) | ||
| myllicm | 7 | מַֽעַלְלֵיכֶ֗ם | your wantonness | Jer 35:15(16) | ||
| מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֔ם | your wantonness | Jer 25:5(8) Jer 44:22(8) | ||||
| מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֖ם | your wantonness | Isa 1:16(5) Jer 21:14(4) | ||||
| מַעַלְלֵיכֶֽם | your wantonness | Jer 4:4(19) Jer 21:12(22) | ||||
| yollh | 1 | עֽוֹלְלָ֣ה | wantonness | Lam 3:51(2) | ||
| yollt | 1 | עוֹלַ֣לְתָּ | the wantonness | Lam 2:20(5) | ||
| ylilh | 1 | עֲלִילָ֗ה | wantonness | Psa 14:1(10) | ||
| ylilot | 3 | עֲלִילֹ֣ת | with wantonness of | Deu 22:14(3) | ||
| עֲלִילֹ֨ת | a wantonness of | Deu 22:17(4) | ||||
| עֲלִל֨וֹת | wantonly | Psa 141:4(7) | ||||
| yliloticm | 1 | עֲלִילֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם | your wantonness | Eze 21:29(14) | ||
| ylilotm | 1 | ־עֲלִילוֹתָֽם | their wantonness | Psa 99:8(11) | ||
| Walk | ||||||
| huyl | 1 | הֻעַ֖ל | was brought | Dan 5:13(3) | ||
| huylu | 1 | הֻעַ֣לּוּ | have been brought | Dan 5:15(2) | ||
| hnyil | 2 | ־הַנְעֵ֣ל | brought | Dan 6:19(9) | ||
| הַנְעֵ֥ל | brought | Dan 2:25(4) | ||||
| hyilni | 1 | הַעֵ֙לְנִי֙ | bring me in | Dan 2:24(22) | ||
| lhnylh | 1 | לְהַנְעָלָ֣ה | to bring | Dan 4:3(4) | ||
| lhylh | 1 | לְהֶֽעָלָה֙ | to bring in | Dan 5:7(4) | ||
| yl | 3 | עַ֖ל | went in | Dan 2:16(2) | ||
| עַ֣ל | came | Dan 2:24(5) | ||||
| עַ֣ל | he went | Dan 6:11(7) | ||||
| ylin | 2 | עָלִּ֗ין | came in | Dan 4:4(2) | ||
| עָֽלִּ֔ין | came in | Dan 5:8(2) | ||||
| ylt | 1 | עַלַּ֑ת | came in | Dan 5:10(8) | ||
| Work | iyollu | 1 | יְעוֹלְל֥וּ | they will glean grape | Jer 6:9(6) | |
| cyollot | 2 | כְּעֹלְלֹ֖ת | as grape-gleanings of | Mic 7:1(7) | ||
| כְּעוֹלֵלֹ֖ת | as the grape-gleanings | Isa 24:13(10) | ||||
| yoll | 1 | עוֹלֵ֛ל | -- | Jer 6:9(5) | ||
| yollot | 4 | עֹלְל֥וֹת | to glean grapes in | Jdg 8:2(9) | ||
| עֹלֵלֽוֹת | grape-gleanings | Oba 1:5(19) | ||||
| עֽוֹלֵל֑וֹת | grapes to glean | Jer 49:9(7) | ||||
| עֽוֹלֵלֹת֙ | grape-gleanings | Isa 17:6(3) | ||||
| tyoll | 2 | תְעוֹלֵ֔ל | you will glean grapes from | Lev 19:10(3) | ||
| תְעוֹלֵ֖ל | you will glean grapes | Deu 24:21(5) | ||||
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