Slide 1
The Psalter kata Bob
A joke
Slide 2
Seeing the Psalter
To open the eyes of the blind
Genesis 3 makes opening the eyes a special experience
Isaiah 35:6 repeats the phrase (only here is it repeated) אָז תִּפָּקַחְנָה עֵינֵי עִוְרִים and psalm 146.8 shows who does the opening of eyes יְהוָה פֹּקֵחַ עִוְרִים
(work on slide 2 - subtlety required)
Slide 3
Seeing the psalms? They're poetry
Language no longer available aurally
Performance practice is at best inferred.
To see is to hear
Slide 4
Three grand principles:
parallels,
recurrence,
and prosody
Slide 5
Parallelisms or the rhyming ideas in the poems are clearest in the performance practice of plainsong and chanting.
Such patterns have been studied under the term, parallellismus membrorum,
coined by Robert Lowth in the 18th century.
For example psalm 18.21 contains two parallel similar thoughts
This parallel is in the form a-b-b-a. There are many variations, a-b-a-b, a-b not b, not a etc etc etc and with trios and more.
(additional examples - without much comment)
Slide 6
Recurrence
A Rabbi Reads the Psalms, Jonathan Magonet
Read the psalms with coloured pencils and circle the words that repeat.
In the case of Psalm 18, verse 21 is itself the top of a frame.
Slide 6
Slide 7
How should one manage the lines in a poem?
2's and 3's.
words in a line,
and lines in a verse,
and verses in a stanza.
slide 8
Enclitic nature of Hebrew.
So psalm 18:21 in Hebrew is
7 'words' in Hebrew, 3 and 4 in each of the two lines - 18 'words' in English, 7 and 11 in the two lines.
Grammatical letters are in green. (22 letters, 2 sets)
slide 9
Consequences - for thinking, for presentation, for reading
All the psalms,
Proverbs,
Job,
the Song and other songs within the narrative portions,
all the prophets, and furthermore,
much of the so called prose
also makes heavy use of recurrence within its rhetorical framework
Slide 10
(E.g. Jonah, the whole story organized around 7 words).
Descent
Sea
Fish
Call
Turn
City
Tender Plant
slide 11
the canticles in Luke,
the sermons of Jesus,
and the writing of John.
slide 12
frames and meaning
to apprehend and respond
form follows function
function is obscured by disorder or a failure to perceive the form.
If function or meaning is framed in the original tongue,
then surely we should preserve the frames in translation.
Language no longer available aurally
Performance practice is at best inferred.
To see is to hear
Slide 4
Three grand principles:
parallels,
recurrence,
and prosody
Slide 5
Parallelisms or the rhyming ideas in the poems are clearest in the performance practice of plainsong and chanting.
Such patterns have been studied under the term, parallellismus membrorum,
coined by Robert Lowth in the 18th century.
For example psalm 18.21 contains two parallel similar thoughts
יְהוָה will reward me for my righteousness
for the purity of my hands he will turn to me
This parallel is in the form a-b-b-a. There are many variations, a-b-a-b, a-b not b, not a etc etc etc and with trios and more.
(additional examples - without much comment)
Slide 6
Recurrence
A Rabbi Reads the Psalms, Jonathan Magonet
Read the psalms with coloured pencils and circle the words that repeat.
In the case of Psalm 18, verse 21 is itself the top of a frame.
יִגְמְלֵנִי יְהוָה כְּצִדְקִי כְּבֹר יָדַי יָשִׁיב לִי | 21 | יְהוָה will reward me for my righteousness for the purity of my hands he will turn to me |
כִּי שָׁמַרְתִּי דַּרְכֵי יְהוָה וְלֹא רָשַׁעְתִּי מֵאֱלֹהָי | 22 | for I have kept the ways of יְהוָה and I have not been wicked with my God |
כִּי כָל מִשְׁפָּטָיו לְנֶגְדִּי וְחֻקֹּתָיו לֹא אָסִיר מֶנִּי | 23 | for all his judgments are before me and his statutes I will not put aside from me |
וָאֱהִי תָמִים עִמּוֹ וָאֶשְׁתַּמֵּר מֵעֲוֹנִי | 24 | and I will be complete with him and I will keep myself from my iniquity |
וַיָּשֶׁב יְהוָה לִי כְצִדְקִי כְּבֹר יָדַי לְנֶגֶד עֵינָיו | 25 | and יְהוָה turned to me for my righteousness for the purity of my hands before his eyes |
Slide 6
Selected recurring words in relative order - psalm 18.19-25
Word and gloss * first usage | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Vs | Root |
כצדקי for my righteousness | ░ | 21 | צדק | |||||||
* כבר for the purity of | ░ | 21 | ברר | |||||||
ידי my hands | ░ | 21 | יד | |||||||
ישׁיב he will turn | ░ | 21 | שׁוב | |||||||
* לי to me | ░ | 21 | לי | |||||||
שׁמרתי I have kept | ░ | 22 | שׁמר | |||||||
ולא and not | ░ | 22 | לא | |||||||
* לנגדי are before me | ░ | 23 | נגד | |||||||
לא not | ░ | 23 | לא | |||||||
ואשׁתמר and I will keep myself | ░ | 24 | שׁמר | |||||||
וישׁב and turned | ░ | 25 | שׁוב | |||||||
* לי to me | ░ | 25 | לי | |||||||
כצדקי for my righteousness | ░ | 25 | צדק | |||||||
* כבר for the purity of | ░ | 25 | ברר | |||||||
ידי my hands | ░ | 25 | יד | |||||||
* לנגד before | ░ | 25 | נגד |
Slide 7
How should one manage the lines in a poem?
2's and 3's.
words in a line,
and lines in a verse,
and verses in a stanza.
slide 8
Enclitic nature of Hebrew.
So psalm 18:21 in Hebrew is
יִגְמְלֵנִי יְהוָה כְּצִדְקִי
כְּבֹר יָדַי יָשִׁיב לִי
7 'words' in Hebrew, 3 and 4 in each of the two lines - 18 'words' in English, 7 and 11 in the two lines.
Grammatical letters are in green. (22 letters, 2 sets)
slide 9
Consequences - for thinking, for presentation, for reading
All the psalms,
Proverbs,
Job,
the Song and other songs within the narrative portions,
all the prophets, and furthermore,
much of the so called prose
also makes heavy use of recurrence within its rhetorical framework
Slide 10
(E.g. Jonah, the whole story organized around 7 words).
Descent
Sea
Fish
Call
Turn
City
Tender Plant
slide 11
the canticles in Luke,
the sermons of Jesus,
and the writing of John.
slide 12
frames and meaning
to apprehend and respond
form follows function
function is obscured by disorder or a failure to perceive the form.
If function or meaning is framed in the original tongue,
then surely we should preserve the frames in translation.
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