Wednesday, 15 October 2014

Shared significant words in Isaiah 53 to 55

How far can one get with words?  It just so happens that I was today preparing for a session at the university tomorrow on the mysticism of Rumi and this snippet came my way from Jawid Mojaddedi, Professor of Religion at Rutgers University. [2014 Distinguished Lecture in Islam: Understanding Rumi’s Place Within the Sufi Tradition. 7:00pm, UVIC HSD Room A240] His area of research is early and medieval Sufism. Since the publication of his translation, The Masnavi: Book One, which was awarded the 2004 Lois Roth Prize, he has been working towards completing the six books of Jalal al-Din Rumi’s magnum opus. In addition, he has also published the monograph Beyond Dogma: Rumi’s Teachings on Friendship with God and Early Sufi Theories (Oxford University Press, 2012).

Well I am not a mystic, nor am I a dervish. Nor am I of Islam, though I do occasionally submit to the obedience of faith as noted in the frame of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament (in case you were wondering). I pursue words and it is true that water will not disturb them. This is a nice little parable.

So of Isaiah, much could be said on the prophet's use of words. It is clear that dividing them from each other in a dictionary will obscure the oral aspect of the prophecy. So I let the words be compared on the basis of their shared root or prepositional / pronomial form (where the root is lacking). One cannot hear the similarities in translation, but one can see them if the translator is careful. Here are the words shared by all three chapters. I have removed a bunch of prepositions, particles, and the divine names (על,לא,את,אלוה,יהוה,כי,לו,אשׁר,תחת) from the following. Otherwise there are too many to look at.

If three consecutive chapters use 8 words (or 17 if you count the exclusions) in common, does it follow that their content is shared? My experience in the psalms would say yes. It is rare for a triplet of consecutive chapters to share so many words. It is pretty clear from the following that these wrods are in a circular structure with  verses 1-11 of chapter 54 in the middle of it. Chapter 55, 11-13 are a coda for the section.

Shared Words in Isaiah chapters 53,54,55
Word / gloss1 2345678VsStem
seed וזרוע
░
 53.1זרע
earth, land מארץ
░
 53.2ארץ
peace שׁלומנו
░
 53.5שׁלם
water מי
░
 53.8מים
מארץ
░
 53.8ארץ
give ויתן
░
 53.9נתן
wicked רשׁעים
░
 53.9רשׁע
do, make עשׂה
░
 53.9עשׂה
please, delight חפץ
░
53.10חפץ
זרע
░
53.10זרע
וחפץ
░
53.10חפץ
יטו
░
 54.2נתן
וזרעך
░
 54.3זרע
עשׂיך
░
 54.5עשׂה
הארץ
░
 54.5ארץ
מי
░
 54.9מים
מי
░
 54.9מים
הארץ
░
 54.9ארץ
שׁלומי
░
54.10שׁלם
חפץ
░
54.12חפץ
שׁלום
░
54.13שׁלם
למעשׂהו
░
54.16עשׂה
תרשׁיעי
░
54.17רשׁע
למים
░
 55.1מים
רשׁע
░
 55.7רשׁע
מארץ
░
 55.9ארץ
הארץ
░
55.10ארץ
ונתן
░
55.10נתן
זרע
░
55.10זרע
לזרע
░
55.10זרע
עשׂה
░
55.11עשׂה
חפצתי
░
55.11חפץ
ובשׁלום
░
55.12שׁלם


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