Thursday, 3 February 2022

17 more individual letter pairs that don't begin any roots

 I have been examining paired letter patterns in Hebrew roots. The previous two posts have dealt with vav and tet, the two letters that account for 20 of the 37 individual letter pairs that are not used in the first two letters of any roots. We also saw the 20 pairs (e.g. bp pb) of individual letter pairs that are rarely if ever used (except where a letter of the pair is used grammatically as a prefix or suffix letter).

The 17 remaining single letter pairs are: gs, ds, dx, hz, zw, / ka, kh, lz, ln, ls, / lx, sw, pm, xw, qz, / qk, ts

The reverse of each of these two letters is used as the first letter of some roots (they too may be rare but they are non-zero).

So are any of the above 17 sequences used at all in Hebrew phonation? 

gs - 0, ds - 10 - looks like two borrowed words and a name showing Song and Qohelet as having words of late origin.

prds prds פרדס are a paradise of Song 4:13
prds uprdsim ופרדסים and orchards Qohelet 2:5
hdsh -hdsh הדסה Hadassah Esther 2:7
hds hhdsim ההדסים the myrtle Zechariah 1:8
hds hds הדס a myrtle Isaiah 55:13
hds vhds והדס and myrtle Isaiah 41:19
prds hprds הפרדס the paradise Nehemiah 2:8
hds hds הדס myrtle Nehemiah 8:15

hz 0 in roots but many where h is acting as part of a prefix.
zw - 0, ka (107) mostly the infamous Ahab, and a few for the gloss clap perhaps showing that Psalms 98 is contemporary with Second Isaiah. The one instance with wind is the Aramaic grammatical use of aleph as the definite article.

mkaimkauימחאו clap Psalms 98:8
akabakab אחאב Ahab 2 Kings 1:1
ivkaviokaויחא and Joha 1 Chronicles 11:45
rvkrukaרוחא the wind Daniel 2:35
xika-xika ציחא Tsixa Ezra 2:43
plkaplka פלחא Pilexa Nehemiah 10:25

kh (1,317) - frequent as the last letter of a word and occasionally of a root. What do we make of this 'final h'? It is sometimes the suffix indicating direction - towards.

prkhprkh הפרחה the flourishing of Song 6:11
mwpkh-hmwpkh המשפחה the families Amos 3:1
mnkhumnkoticmומנחתיכם and your gifts Amos 5:22
+pk'tipkh טפחה cloaked Isaiah 48:13
xlkvhxlikh והצליחה and prosper Nehemiah 1:11
mnkhumnkthonומנחתהון and their gifts Ezra 7:17
wlkvawlkh ואשלחה and I sent Nehemiah 6:8
nkhhnkitm הנחיתם you guided them Nehemiah 9:12
mnkh-hmnkh המנחה the gift Nehemiah 13:9
wkhlhwtkvot להשתחות to worship 1 Samuel 1:3
pkhpkot פחות viceroys Jeremiah 51:23
zrkmzrkh מזרחה toward the sunrise Jeremiah 31:40
xmkxmkh צמחה the growth Psalms 65:11

lz (211)
zbklzbokלזבח to sacrifice 1 Kings 3:4
ylzaylozhאעלזה I will exult Psalms 60:8
zryulzryçולזרעך and to your seed Numbers 18:19
zatlzat לזאת this one Genesis 2:23
zhhlzh הלזה this Genesis 24:65
zrylzryç לזרעך to your seed Genesis 24:7
znhlznunimלזנונים from harlotry Genesis 38:24

ln (86) including one side of the phrase ploni almoni, an old idiom? used only three times - not always politely.

clnhclnh כלנה Kalneh Amos 6:2
zblnzbulunזבלון Zebulun Psalms 68:28
plniploniפלני what a Ruth 4:1
kln-kilon חלן Helon Numbers 1:9
wlnihwlni השלני the Shelanites Numbers 26:20
gvln-golnגולן Golan Deuteronomy 4:43
gilnihgiloniהגילני the Gilonite 2 Samuel 15:12
plniploniפלני suitable 1 Samuel 21:3
plniploniפלני suitable 2 Kings 6:8

ls (23) for roots, (92) if we include the use of l as a prefix.

blsubolsובולס a tender of Amos 7:14
plstplsunתפלסון you level out Psalms 58:3
qlsvqls וקלס and ridicule Psalms 44:14
ylsnylsh נעלסה a peacock thrilled Job 39:13
alsralsr אלסר Eliasar Genesis 14:1

lx is also used for the grammatical role of l (179) and for letters of roots after the first (89 of the 179).

klxiiklxunיחלצון may be rescued Psalms 60:7
plxplxutפלצות tremors Psalms 55:6
ylxiylxuיעלצו they will be elated Psalms 68:4
klxaklxç אחלצך I will rescue you Psalms 50:15
klxvklxni וחלצני and rescue me Psalms 119:153
mlx-nmlxuנמלצו gratifying Psalms 119:103

sw (0), pm (65) including those times when m is a suffix. 10 roots end in pm - but only names.
+npa'tnpm אטנפם should I soil them Song 5:3
apapm אפם their anger Psalms 124:3
rdprodpmרדפם their persecutor Psalms 35:6
wpmvwpm ושפם and Shepham 1 Chronicles 5:12
wpvpmlwpupmלשפופם of Shpupham Numbers 26:39
wpvpmihwupmiהשופמי the Shpuphamites Numbers 26:39
kvpmlkupmלחופם of Xupam Numbers 26:39
kvpmihkupmiהחופמי the Xupamites Numbers 26:39

xw (0), qz (0), qk (1,050)

wlkviqkuויקחו and they sent for Genesis 37:31
pqkpiqkim פקחים the sighted Exodus 23:8
lqklqokלקוח take Ezekiel 24:5
rqkhmrqkh המרקחה its perfume Ezekiel 24:10

ts (1) root (84) with grammatical usage.



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strtstirni תסתירני you will hide me Psalms 64:3
strtstir תסתיר is hidden Psalms 44:25
sprtspruתספרו you may recount it Psalms 48:14
smctsmcni תסמכני support me Psalms 51:14
svrvtsr ותסר and she put aside Genesis 38:14
ntsntsuנתסו they disfigure Job 30:13

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