Wednesday 23 March 2022

Spec for translating Unicode to MusicXML part 3

The remaining ornaments (accents above the text) are a series of notes relative to the reciting note. 

In principle any melisma could be coded. Those for the Haïk-Vantoura deciphering key never require more than triplets and eighth notes.

Slur numbers cycling from '1' to '5' for this single line of music conform to the MusicXML spec.

Note that ornaments do not have any absolute pitches. They are all relative to the current reciting note.
Examples are in the music support files here. Also there are many of Haïk-Vantoura's original documents and books available here. There are other parts to my implementation defined several years ago, e.g. mode here

This is a difficult process because the ornaments are varied in names, hard to remember in Unicode, and not easily identifiable in the MusicXML. Triplets can be identified by searching for <time-modification>. Other eighth notes by <duration>3. Note that the note class is not a fixed duration when performing. All the performances in their raw form are recitative - though there will be strong rhythmic identities depending on the syllable pulses or narrative word rhythms in the language itself.

There are additional issues for an automated transcription app in the data that may be provided in a copy and paste from various sites: e.g. the coding sequence of vowels and cantillation, (these can be done wrongly) and various characters that are irrelevant to the music that may need to be replaced before parsing. It is possible to identify and display ketiv and qere but not really useful for the music. I coded this but eventually suppressed the feature.

Input requires at minimum, a line of text in Hebrew, a mode (can be determined from the book, one of the 21, or one of the 3, and for Job only, chapter, and for the narrator, verse#.) The mode can default or can be specified in some form. These could be handled with user settings.

Ornament Full name

 ֙

qad qadma
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note]</step>
<octave>[reciting note]</octave></pitch>
<duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice>
<type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="1"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>[begin|middle|end]</syllabic><text>him</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note + 1]</step>
<octave>[of reciting note + 1]</octave></pitch>
<duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice>
<type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="1"/></notations>
</note>

֨ 

pas pashta
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note] + 1</step>
<octave>[of reciting note + 1]</octave></pitch>
<duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice>
<type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="1"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>[begin|middle|end]</syllabic><text>[text]</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note]</step>
<octave>[reciting note]</octave></pitch>
<duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice>
<type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="1"/></notations>
</note>

֜ 

ger geresh
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note]</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="4"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>[begin|middle|end]</syllabic>
<text>[text]</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>[reciting note]+2</step>
<octave>5</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="4"/></notations>
</note>

֝֗ 

ger-rev revia-mugrash
Example from psalm 1 measure 10
<direction placement="above"><direction-type>
<words font-size="12"> &#1500;&#1461;&#1437;&#1510;&#1460;&#1431;&#1497;&#1501;
</words></direction-type></direction>
<note><pitch><step>A</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="4"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>begin</syllabic>
<text>lei</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>F</step>
<alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="4"/></notations>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>E</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="5"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>end</syllabic>
<text>tsim</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>F</step>
<alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="5"/></notations>
</note> 

 ֗

rev revia
Example from Genesis 2:5 (prose -0-1; in poetry -1-0)
<note><pitch><step>B</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="5"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>end</syllabic><text>deh</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>A</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="5"/></notations>
</note>   

֞ 

tar tarsin
+2+0+2 example of a triplet (Gen 2:8) - reciting note is e - all other triplets are similarly coded.
Given the mode, e.g. 'C4 D4 E4 F4 G4#A4 B4 C5 D5 E5 F5 '
ascend and descend the scale to get note and octave with a loop.
<note><pitch><step>G</step>
<alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>2</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<time-modification><actual-notes>3</actual-notes>
<normal-notes>2</normal-notes></time-modification>
<notations><slur type="start" number="4"/>
<tuplet number="4" type = "start" bracket="no" show-number="none" /></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>end</syllabic><text>ta</text></lyric>
</note>

<note><pitch><step>E</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>2</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<time-modification><actual-notes>3</actual-notes>
<normal-notes>2</normal-notes></time-modification>
</note>

<note><pitch><step>G</step>
<alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>2</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<time-modification><actual-notes>3</actual-notes>
<normal-notes>2</normal-notes></time-modification>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="4"/>
<tuplet number="4" type = "stop" bracket="no" show-number="none" /></notations>
</note>

֡ 

paz pazer
+2+1

 ֔

z-q zaqef-qatan
-1

 ֕

z-g zaqef-gadol
-1-2

֒ 

seg segol
-1-0-1 

֘ 

zar zarqa, tsinnor
-1+1-0 - indicates that the ornament resolves to the original reciting note

 ֩

t-q telisha qetana
+1+2+3

 ֠

t-g telisha gedolah
+3+2+1

 ֟

qar qarne farah
+1+2+3+3+2+1 pair of triplets all on the same syllable

 ֓

shl shalshalet
-3-2-1

 ֬

ill illuy
+4

 ֫

ole ole
+3+0 poetry only. Ole-veyored is a combination of over and under accents - as cadence
Two accents in sequence - example from Psalm 1 measure 4-5 רְשָׁ֫עִ֥ים  
<measure number="4">
...
<direction placement="above"><direction-type>
<words font-size="12"> &#1512;&#1456;&#1513;&#1473;&#1464;&#1451;&#1506;&#1460;&#1445;&#1497;&#1501;
</words></direction-type></direction>
<note><pitch><step>D</step><alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave>
</pitch><duration>6</duration><voice>1</voice>
<type>quarter</type>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>begin</syllabic><text>re</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>G</step>
<octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="start" number="3"/></notations>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>middle</syllabic><text>sha</text></lyric>
</note>
<note><pitch><step>D</step>
<alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave></pitch><duration>3</duration>
<voice>1</voice><type>eighth</type>
<notations><slur type="stop" number="3"/></notations>
</note>
<barline location="right">
<bar-style>dotted</bar-style>
</barline>
</measure>
<measure number="5">
<note><pitch><step>F</step><alter>1</alter><octave>4</octave>
</pitch><duration>6</duration><voice>1</voice>
<type>quarter</type>
<lyric number="1"><syllabic>end</syllabic><text>im</text></lyric>
</note>


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