Thursday, 12 October 2017

2 Samuel 6

If you read, I will be had in honour, it seems impossible to me to hear, I will be glorified. I think of glory as not synonymous with honour. Honour is more a consequence of glory. So I cannot render כבד as anything but related to glory (or in a different context, heavy or liver). Liver could never be honourable, surely. Perhaps I am too rigid!

There are a lot of minor discrepancies in this story compared with 1 Chronicles 13. E.g.
  • The town name Baalah seems to be spelled differently. I expect it was the same town. 
  • It is possible that the gamboling with the wood of the fir trees (not in 1 Chronicles 13) includes the idea that musical instruments were made from them, but perhaps it was also for those who can just bang sticks together. Or is this the trees of the forest shouting for joy? (1 Chronicles 16:33, also Psalm 96:12.)
  • The threshing floor has an alternate name. 
  • We are given a reason for the death, הַשַּׁ֑ל. Suggested as an abbreviation of a somewhat rarely used word שׁלה, ease, or serenity. What we might call easygoing. So my guess is ease of approach as the accident.
Same games with the name of Obed-Edom. I hope I am not too easygoing.

2 Samuel 6 Fn Min Max Syll
וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֥וֹד דָּוִ֛ד אֶת כָּל בָּח֥וּר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אָֽלֶף 1 And David gathered further all the chosen in Israel, thirty thousand. 3d 3g 19
וַיָּ֣קָם וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וְכָל הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ מִֽבַּעֲלֵ֖י יְהוּדָ֑ה
לְהַעֲל֣וֹת מִשָּׁ֗ם אֵ֚ת אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר נִקְרָ֣א שֵׁ֗ם שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת יֹשֵׁ֥ב הַכְּרֻבִ֖ים עָלָֽיו
2 And David arose and he went, and all the people that were with him, from Baaly of Judah,
to bring up from there the ark of God, where the name is called, the name of Yahweh of hosts, who sits on the cherubim over it.
3c 4C 23
31
וַיַּרְכִּ֜בוּ אֶת אֲר֤וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל עֲגָלָ֣ה חֲדָשָׁ֔ה וַיִּשָּׂאֻ֔הוּ מִבֵּ֥ית אֲבִינָדָ֖ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה
וְעֻזָּ֣א וְאַחְי֗וֹ בְּנֵי֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב נֹהֲגִ֖ים אֶת הָעֲגָלָ֥ה חֲדָשָֽׁה
3 And they made the ark of God ride on a new wagon, and they bore it from the house of Abinadab that is on the hillock,
and Uzza and Achio, the children of Abinadab, drove the new wagon.
3e 4C 34
23
וַיִּשָּׂאֻ֗הוּ מִבֵּ֤ית אֲבִֽינָדָב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּגִּבְעָ֔ה עִ֖ם אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים
וְאַחְי֕וֹ הֹלֵ֖ךְ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאָרֽוֹן
4 And they bore it from the house of Abinadab that is on the hillock with the ark of God,
and Achio went before the ark.
3e 4C 23
10
וְדָוִ֣ד וְכָל בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מְשַֽׂחֲקִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בְּכֹ֖ל עֲצֵ֣י בְרוֹשִׁ֑ים
וּבְכִנֹּר֤וֹת וּבִנְבָלִים֙ וּבְתֻפִּ֔ים וּבִמְנַֽעַנְעִ֖ים וּֽבְצֶלְצֶלִֽים
5 And David and all the house of Israel gamboled before Yahweh with all the wood of the fir trees,
and with harps and with lutes and with timbrels and with sistrums and with cymbals.
3e 4C 24
20
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד גֹּ֣רֶן נָכ֑וֹן
וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח עֻזָּ֜א אֶל אֲר֤וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ וַיֹּ֣אחֶז בּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י שָׁמְט֖וּ הַבָּקָֽר
6 And they came to the threshing-floor of Nakon,
and Uzza reached out to the ark of God and grasped it, for the oxen lurched.
3e 4C 8
22
וַיִּֽחַר אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּעֻזָּ֔ה וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ שָׁ֛ם הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עַל הַשַּׁ֑ל
וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁ֔ם עִ֖ם אֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִֽים
7 And the anger of Yahweh burned against Uzza and God struck him there for the ease of approach,
and he died there against the ark of God.
3d 4C 21
11
וַיִּ֣חַר לְדָוִ֔ד עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּרַ֧ץ יְהוָ֛ה פֶּ֖רֶץ בְּעֻזָּ֑ה
וַיִּקְרָ֞א לַמָּק֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ פֶּ֣רֶץ עֻזָּ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה
8 And burning was for David, in that Yahweh breached the breach against Uzza,
and that place is called the breach of Uzza to this day.
3c 4C 18
17
וַיִּרָ֥א דָוִ֛ד אֶת יְהוָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֵ֛יךְ יָב֥וֹא אֵלַ֖י אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָֽה
9 And David feared Yahweh in that day and said,
How will the ark of Yahweh come to me?
3d 4B 12
12
וְלֹֽא אָבָ֣ה דָוִ֗ד לְהָסִ֥יר אֵלָ֛יו אֶת אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָ֖ה עַל עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑ד
וַיַּטֵּ֣הוּ דָוִ֔ד בֵּ֥ית עֹבֵֽד אֱד֖וֹם הַגִּתִּֽי
10 And David did not consent to turn aside to himself the ark of Yahweh to the city of David,
but David swerved to the house of the servant of Edom the Gittite.
3d 4B 20
14
וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ אֲר֨וֹן יְהוָ֜ה בֵּ֣ית עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם הַגִּתִּ֖י שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֑ים
וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֖ם וְאֶת כָּל בֵּיתֽוֹ
11 And the ark of Yahweh settled at the house of the servant of humanity, the Gittite, three months.
And Yahweh blessed the servant of humanity and all his house.
3c 4B 21
15
וַיֻּגַּ֗ד לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִד֮ לֵאמֹר֒ בֵּרַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־בֵּ֨ית עֹבֵ֤ד אֱדֹם֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ בַּעֲב֖וּר אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וַיַּעַל֩ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים מִבֵּ֨ית עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם עִ֥יר דָּוִ֖ד בְּשִׂמְחָֽה
12 And it was told to king David, saying, Yahweh has blessed the house of the servant of humanity and all that he has, on behalf of the ark of God.
So David went and brought up the ark of God from the house of the servant of humanity to the city of David with gladness.
3d 4C 35
27
וַיְהִ֗י כִּ֧י צָעֲד֛וּ נֹשְׂאֵ֥י אֲרוֹן יְהוָ֖ה שִׁשָּׁ֣ה צְעָדִ֑ים
וַיִּזְבַּ֥ח שׁ֖וֹר וּמְרִֽיא
13 And it happened that they who were bearing the ark of Yahweh marched six paces,
and he offered bull and fatling.
3c 4B 17
6
וְדָוִ֛ד מְכַרְכֵּ֥ר בְּכָל עֹ֖ז לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה
וְדָוִ֕ד חָג֖וּר אֵפ֥וֹד בָּֽד
14 And David gyrated in all strength in the presence of Yahweh,
and David was wearing a linen ephod.
3d 4B 13
8
וְדָוִד֙ וְכָל בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מַעֲלִ֖ים אֶת אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה
בִּתְרוּעָ֖ה וּבְק֥וֹל שׁוֹפָֽר
15 And David and all the house of Israel were bringing up the ark of Yahweh,
with jubilation and with the voice of a shophar.
3e 4B 17
7
וְהָיָה֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה בָּ֖א עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑ד
וּמִיכַ֨ל בַּת שָׁא֜וּל נִשְׁקְפָ֣ה בְּעַ֣ד הַחַלּ֗וֹן וַתֵּ֨רֶא אֶת הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ מְפַזֵּ֤ז וּמְכַרְכֵּר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַתִּ֥בֶז ל֖וֹ בְּלִבָּֽהּ
16 And the ark of Yahweh entered the city of David.
And Michal, the daughter of Saul, leaned to look through the window, and she saw the king, David, nimble and gyrating in the presence of Yahweh, and she despised him in her heart.
3e 4C 11
40
וַיָּבִ֜אוּ אֶת אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֗ה וַיַּצִּ֤גוּ אֹתוֹ֙ בִּמְקוֹמ֔וֹ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָאֹ֔הֶל אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָטָה ל֖וֹ דָּוִ֑ד
וַיַּ֨עַל דָּוִ֥ד עֹל֛וֹת לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה וּשְׁלָמִֽים
17 And they brought the ark of Yahweh and exhibited it in its place in the midst of the tent that David had stretched out for it.
And David offered burnt offerings in the presence of Yahweh and peace offerings.
3d 4C 30
14
וַיְכַ֣ל דָּוִ֔ד מֵהַעֲל֥וֹת הָעוֹלָ֖ה וְהַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים
וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֶת הָעָ֔ם בְּשֵׁ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת
18 When David finished offering the burnt offering, and the peace offerings,
he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hosts.
3e 4B 15
13
וַיְחַלֵּ֨ק לְכָל הָעָ֜ם לְכָל הֲמ֣וֹן יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ לְמֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה֒ לְאִ֗ישׁ חַלַּ֥ת לֶ֙חֶם֙ אַחַ֔ת וְאֶשְׁפָּ֣ר אֶחָ֔ד וַאֲשִׁישָׁ֖ה אֶחָ֑ת
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ כָּל הָעָ֖ם אִ֥ישׁ לְבֵיתֽוֹ
19 And he divided to all the people, to all the tumult of Israel, to each man and to each woman, to each, one cake of bread and one select portion and one raisin cake.
And all the people went away, each to his own house.
3e 4B 40
10
וַיָּ֥שָׁב דָּוִ֖ד לְבָרֵ֣ךְ אֶת בֵּית֑וֹ
וַתֵּצֵ֞א מִיכַ֤ל בַּת שָׁאוּל֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַתֹּ֗אמֶר מַה נִּכְבַּ֨ד הַיּ֜וֹם מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִגְלָ֤ה הַיּוֹם֙ לְעֵינֵ֨י אַמְה֣וֹת עֲבָדָ֔יו כְּהִגָּל֥וֹת נִגְל֖וֹת אַחַ֥ד הָרֵקִֽים
20 And David returned to bless his house,
and Michal the daughter of Saul came out to encounter David, and she said, How glorious today the king of Israel who was uncovered today in the sight of the maidservants of his servants, as one of the empty-headed would uncover himself.
3e 4C 11
50
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִד֮ אֶל מִיכַל֒ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּֽחַר בִּ֤י מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙ וּמִכָּל בֵּית֔וֹ לְצַוֺּ֨ת אֹתִ֥י נָגִ֛יד עַל עַ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה
21 And David said to Michal, In the presence of Yahweh, who chose me over your father, and from all his house, commanding me as herald over the people of Yahweh, over Israel.
So I will gambol in the presence of Yahweh.
3d 4C 40
8
וּנְקַלֹּ֤תִי עוֹד֙ מִזֹּ֔את וְהָיִ֥יתִי שָׁפָ֖ל בְּעֵינָ֑י
וְעִם הָֽאֲמָהוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְתְּ עִמָּ֖ם אִכָּבֵֽדָה
22 And I will be slighted further than this, and I will be abased in my eyes,
but with the maidservants of which you talk, with them, I will be glorified.
3e 4C 16
17
וּלְמִיכַל֙ בַּת שָׁא֔וּל לֹֽא הָ֥יָה לָ֖הּ יָ֑לֶד
עַ֖ד י֥וֹם מוֹתָֽהּ
23 And for Michal, the daughter of Saul, there was for her no newborn,
to the day of her death.
3e 4A 12
4

Wednesday, 11 October 2017

1 Chronicles 13

The breach against Uzza. Note the odd phrasing in verse 2 anticipating the breach. David, like Yahweh burns. (It's the same word - and the same binyan.) I am thinking this is David, as the leader taking responsibility for the breach. Emotionally, what happens to the leader when an accident brings tragedy on someone who was following his leader?  It is not so much that David was displeased (though that may also be true). David, the poet, master of the lament, would not have such an immature reaction. He would complain directly to his God. I wonder what sort of character we will find in him as we get more into his stories.

Playing with names, Obed-Edom (עבד־אדם) is almost servant of humanity. Is Esau more human than we give him credit for? ִEdom is normally spelled with a vav אדום. Here it is without it. (And also in the 2 Samuel 6 parallel shortly to come.)

1 Chronicles 13 Fn Min Max Syll
וַיִּוָּעַ֣ץ דָּוִ֗יד עִם־שָׂרֵ֧י הָאֲלָפִ֛ים וְהַמֵּא֖וֹת לְכָל־נָגִֽיד 1 And David consulted with the chiefs of thousands and of hundreds for every herald. 3c 4B 21
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜יד לְכֹ֣ל ׀ קְהַ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אִם־עֲלֵיכֶ֨ם ט֜וֹב וּמִן־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ נִפְרְצָה֙ נִשְׁלְחָ֞ה עַל־אַחֵ֣ינוּ הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֗ים בְּכֹל֙ אַרְצ֣וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְעִמָּהֶ֛ם הַכֹּהֲנִ֥ים וְהַלְוִיִּ֖ם בְּעָרֵ֣י מִגְרְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם
וְיִקָּבְצ֖וּ אֵלֵֽינוּ
2 And David said to all the congregation of Israel, If to you it is good, and from Yahweh our God it is breached, let us send to our kin still here in all the lands of Israel, and with them the priests and the Levites in the cities and outlands,
and let them collect with us,
3d 4B 65
7
וְנָסֵ֛בָּה אֶת־אֲר֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ אֵלֵ֑ינוּ
כִּי־לֹ֥א דְרַשְׁנֻ֖הוּ בִּימֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל
3 And let us bring round the ark of our God to us,
for we did not search it out in the days of Saul.
3d 4A 14
9
וַיֹּאמְר֥וּ כָֽל־הַקָּהָ֖ל לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת כֵּ֑ן
כִּֽי־יָשַׁ֥ר הַדָּבָ֖ר בְּעֵינֵ֥י כָל־הָעָֽם
4 And all congregation said to do such,
for the word was upright in the eyes of all the people.
3e 4B 11
11
וַיַּקְהֵ֤ל דָּוִיד֙ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִן־שִׁיח֥וֹר מִצְרַ֖יִם וְעַד־לְב֣וֹא חֲמָ֑ת
לְהָבִיא֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים מִקִּרְיַ֖ת יְעָרִֽים
5 And David convened all Israel from Shichor of Egypt and even to the entry of Hamath,
to bring the ark of God from Qiryath-Yearim.
3e 4C 21
16
וַיַּ֨עַל דָּוִ֤יד וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בַּעֲלָ֔תָה אֶל־קִרְיַ֥ת יְעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה
לְהַעֲל֣וֹת מִשָּׁ֗ם אֵת֩ אֲר֨וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֧ים ׀ יְהוָ֛ה יוֹשֵׁ֥ב הַכְּרוּבִ֖ים אֲשֶׁר־נִקְרָ֥א שֵֽׁם
6 And David went up and all Israel to Baalah, to the town of Yearim that is of Judah,
to bring up from there the ark of God, Yahweh sitting, the cherubim, where the name is called.
3c 4C 25
25
וַיַּרְכִּ֜יבוּ אֶת־אֲר֤וֹן הָאֱלֹהִים֙ עַל־עֲגָלָ֣ה חֲדָשָׁ֔ה מִבֵּ֖ית אֲבִינָדָ֑ב
וְעֻזָּ֣א וְאַחְי֔וֹ נֹהֲגִ֖ים בָּעֲגָלָֽה
7 And they made the ark of God ride in a new wagon from the house of Abinadab,
and Uzza and Achio drove the wagon.
3e 4C 24
13
וְדָוִ֣יד וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מְשַׂחֲקִ֛ים לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּכָל־עֹ֑ז
וּבְשִׁירִ֤ים וּבְכִנֹּרוֹת֙ וּבִנְבָלִ֣ים וּבְתֻפִּ֔ים וּבִמְצִלְתַּ֖יִם וּבַחֲצֹצְרֽוֹת
8 And David and all Israel gamboled before God in all strength,
and with singing and with harps and with lutes and with timbrels and with cymbals and with trumpets.
3d 4C 21
23
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־גֹּ֣רֶן כִּידֹ֑ן
וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח עֻזָּ֜א אֶת־יָד֗וֹ לֶאֱחֹז֙ אֶת־הָ֣אָר֔וֹן כִּ֥י שָֽׁמְט֖וּ הַבָּקָֽר
9 And they came to the threshing-floor of Kidon,
and Uzza extended his hand to hold fast the ark, for the oxen lurched.
3e 4B 8
21
וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּעֻזָּ֔א וַיַּכֵּ֕הוּ עַ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֖וֹ עַל־הָאָר֑וֹן
וַיָּ֥מָת שָׁ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים
10 And the anger of Yahweh burned against Uzza and he struck him in that he extended his hand to the ark.
And he died there before God.
3d 4C 24
9
וַיִּ֣חַר לְדָוִ֔יד כִּֽי־פָרַ֧ץ יְהוָ֛ה פֶּ֖רֶץ בְּעֻזָּ֑א
וַיִּקְרָ֞א לַמָּק֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ פֶּ֣רֶץ עֻזָּ֔א עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה
11 And burning was for David, for Yahweh breached the breach against Uzza.
And that place is called the breach of Uzza to this day.
3c 4C 15
17
וַיִּירָ֤א דָוִיד֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לֵאמֹ֑ר
הֵ֚יךְ אָבִ֣יא אֵלַ֔י אֵ֖ת אֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִֽים
12 And David feared this God in that day, saying,
How will I conduct to me the ark of God?
3e 4C 16
12
וְלֹֽא־הֵסִ֨יר דָּוִ֧יד אֶת־הָאָר֛וֹן אֵלָ֖יו אֶל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑יד
וַיַּטֵּ֕הוּ אֶל־בֵּ֥ית עֹבֵֽד־אֱדֹ֖ם הַגִּתִּֽי
13 So David did not turn aside the ark to himself, to the city of David,
but he swerved to the house of the servant of humanity (Obed-Edom) the Gittite.
3c 4B 15
13
וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ אֲר֨וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים עִם־בֵּ֨ית עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם בְּבֵית֖וֹ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֑ים
וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית עֹבֵֽד־אֱדֹ֖ם וְאֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לֽוֹ
14 And the ark of God settled with the house of the servant of humanity in his house three months,
and Yahweh blessed the house of the servant of humanity and all that he had.
3c 4B 24
17

Tuesday, 10 October 2017

1 Samuel 31

Given the preamble of 1 Chronicles 10 to the death of Saul and his children, here it is from 1 Samuel 31 with some variations.

1 Samuel 31 Fn Min Max Syll
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחָמִ֣ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
וַיָּנֻ֜סוּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ
1 And the Philistines were in battle against Israel,
and the soldiers of Israel withdrew from the presence of Philistines and the profaned fell on mount Gilboa.
3e 4C 10
26
וַיַּדְבְּק֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אֶת־שָׁא֖וּל וְאֶת־בָּנָ֑יו
וַיַּכּ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים אֶת־יְהוֹנָתָ֧ן וְאֶת־אֲבִינָדָ֛ב וְאֶת־מַלְכִּי־שׁ֖וּעַ בְּנֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל
2 And the Philistines followed closely Saul and his children,
and the Philistines struck Jonathan and Abinadab and Malchishua, the children of Saul.
3c 4B 14
26
וַתִּכְבַּ֤ד הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיִּמְצָאֻ֥הוּ הַמּוֹרִ֖ים אֲנָשִׁ֣ים בַּקָּ֑שֶׁת
וַיָּ֥חֶל מְאֹ֖ד מֵהַמּוֹרִֽים
3 And heavy was the battle against Saul, and the archers found him, men by the bow,
and he was writhing excessively from the archers.
3e 4C 24
9
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ לְנֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָ֠בוֹאוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֨ים הָאֵ֤לֶּה וּדְקָרֻ֙נִי֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד
וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ
4 And Saul said to his cargo-bearer, Draw your sword and thrust me through with it lest they come, these fore-skinned, and thrust me through and are wanton with me, but his cargo-bearer did not consent for he feared much.
So Saul took the sword and fell on it.
3e 4C 53
15
וַיַּ֥רְא נֹשֵֽׂא־כֵלָ֖יו כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת שָׁא֑וּל
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל גַּם־ה֛וּא עַל־חַרְבּ֖וֹ וַיָּ֥מָת עִמּֽוֹ
5 And his cargo-bearer saw that Saul had died,
and he also fell on his sword and died with him.
3d 4B 10
13
וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁא֡וּל וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָיו֩ וְנֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו גַּ֧ם כָּל־אֲנָשָׁ֛יו בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא יַחְדָּֽו 6 So Saul died and his three children, and the bearer of his cargo, even all his men, in that day as one. 3c 4B 26
וַיִּרְא֣וּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר־בְּעֵ֨בֶר הָעֵ֜מֶק וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן כִּֽי־נָ֙סוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו
וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ אֶת־הֶֽעָרִים֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽן
7 And when the soldiers of Israel that were across the valley and that were across the Jordan saw that the soldiers of Israel had withdrawn and that Saul and his children had died,
then they forsook the cities and withdrew, and the Philistines entered, and they settled in them.
3e 4C 40
23
וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הַחֲלָלִ֑ים
וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְבֹּֽעַ
8 And it happened afterwards that the Philistines came to strip the profaned,
and they found Saul and his three children fallen in mount Gilboa.
3e 4C 20
22
וַֽיִּכְרְתוּ֙ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וַיַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ אֶת־כֵּלָ֑יו
וַיְשַׁלְּח֨וּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים סָבִ֗יב לְבַשֵּׂ֛ר בֵּ֥ית עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם
9 And they cut off his head and stripped his cargo,
and they sent out into the land of the Philistines round about to bring good news to the house of their idols and the people.
3d 4A 14
23
וַיָּשִׂ֙מוּ֙ אֶת־כֵּלָ֔יו בֵּ֖ית עַשְׁתָּר֑וֹת
וְאֶת־גְּוִיָּתוֹ֙ תָּקְע֔וּ בְּחוֹמַ֖ת בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁן
10 And they put his cargo in the house of Ashtaroth,
and his body they stuck on the walls of the house of Shean.
3e 4A 11
13
וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו יֹשְׁבֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד
אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֥וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לְשָׁאֽוּל
11 And the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead heard of it,
what the Philistines had done to Saul.
3d 4B 12
11
וַיָּק֜וּמוּ כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ חַיִל֮ וַיֵּלְכ֣וּ כָל־הַלַּיְלָה֒ וַיִּקְח֞וּ אֶת־גְּוִיַּ֣ת שָׁא֗וּל וְאֵת֙ גְּוִיֹּ֣ת בָּנָ֔יו מֵחוֹמַ֖ת בֵּ֣ית שָׁ֑ן
וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ יָבֵ֔שָׁה וַיִּשְׂרְפ֥וּ אֹתָ֖ם שָֽׁם
12 And they arose, every man of ability, and went all the night long, and they took the body of Saul and the bodies of his children from the wall of the house of Shean,
and they came to Jabesh and they cremated them there.
3e 4B 36
13
וַיִּקְחוּ֙ אֶת־עַצְמֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ תַֽחַת־הָאֶ֖שֶׁל בְּיָבֵ֑שָׁה
וַיָּצֻ֖מוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים
13 And they took their bones, and they are entombed under the tamarisk in Jabesh,
and they fasted seven days.
3e 4B 21
8

Monday, 9 October 2017

1 Chronicles 10

Back-filling a bit. At one point I worked on David's lament over the death of Saul in 2 Samuel 1. This is part of its background. 

I was going to work on Daniel 7, even though Leviticus was at the top of my list. But we had had enough of Leviticus for the moment, and Daniel needs me to study much more Aramaic which I may do over the next few days as I undergo a medical procedure requiring me to fast for 36 hours. O the joy of the intricacies of the body. Perhaps some zealous souls will pick up my trunk and limbs and bury them if I end up beheaded. 

Any pointers on a brief intro to Aramaic would be appreciated.

We are also backing up into the books of Samuel, a whole section still to be discovered. Another section we have done little of is the Elijah-Elishah cycle. This is noted as the background of proto-Luke, a thesis from SBL 2008 by Thomas L. Brodie that I have yet to explore.

v1 man is singular.

1 Chronicles 10 Fn Min Max Syll
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים נִלְחֲמ֣וּ בְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
וַיָּ֑נָס אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיִּפְּל֥וּ חֲלָלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ
1 And the Philistines fought against Israel,
and the man of Israel withdrew from the presence of Philistines, and the profaned fell on mount Gilboa.
3e 4B 10
23
וַיַּדְבְּק֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁא֖וּל וְאַחֲרֵ֣י בָנָ֑יו
וַיַּכּ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים אֶת־יוֹנָתָ֧ן וְאֶת־אֲבִינָדָ֛ב וְאֶת־מַלְכִּי־שׁ֖וּעַ בְּנֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל
2 And the Philistines followed closely after Saul and after his children,
and the Philistines struck Jonathan and Abinadab and Malchishua, the children of Saul.
3c 4B 18
25
וַתִּכְבַּ֤ד הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ עַל־שָׁא֔וּל וַיִּמְצָאֻ֖הוּ הַמּוֹרִ֣ים בַּקָּ֑שֶׁת
וַיָּ֖חֶל מִן־הַיּוֹרִֽים
3 And heavy was the battle over Saul, and the archers found him by the bow,
and he was writhing from the archers.
3e 4C 21
7
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁאוּל֩ אֶל־נֹשֵׂ֨א כֵלָ֜יו שְׁלֹ֥ף חַרְבְּךָ֣ ׀ וְדָקְרֵ֣נִי בָ֗הּ פֶּן־יָבֹ֜אוּ הָעֲרֵלִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִ֔י וְלֹ֤א אָבָה֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו כִּ֥י יָרֵ֖א מְאֹ֑ד
וַיִּקַּ֤ח שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיִּפֹּ֖ל עָלֶֽיהָ
4 And Saul said to his cargo-bearer, Draw
your sword and thrust me through with it lest they come, these fore-skinned, and are wanton against me, but his cargo-bearer did not consent for he feared much.
So Saul took the sword and fell on it.
3e 4C 48
15
וַיַּ֥רְא נֹשֵֽׂא־כֵלָ֖יו כִּ֣י מֵ֣ת שָׁא֑וּל
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל גַּם־ה֛וּא עַל־הַחֶ֖רֶב וַיָּמֹֽת
5 And his cargo-bearer saw that Saul had died,
and he also fell on the sword and he died.
3d 4B 10
12
וַיָּ֤מָת שָׁאוּל֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֔יו וְכָל־בֵּית֖וֹ יַחְדָּ֥ו מֵֽתוּ 6 And when Saul had died, and his three children, all his house as one, died. 3e 4C 18
וַ֠יִּרְאוּ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל אֲשֶׁר־בָּעֵ֙מֶק֙ כִּ֣י נָ֔סוּ וְכִי־מֵ֖תוּ שָׁא֣וּל וּבָנָ֑יו
וַיַּעַזְב֤וּ עָרֵיהֶם֙ וַיָּנֻ֔סוּ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶֽם
7 ~ When everyone of Israel that was in the valley saw that they withdrew and that Saul and his children had died,
then they forsook their cities and withdrew, and the Philistines entered, and they settled in them.
3e 4C 24
22
וַיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְפַשֵּׁ֖ט אֶת־הַֽחֲלָלִ֑ים
וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו נֹפְלִ֖ים בְּהַ֥ר גִּלְבֹּֽעַ
8 And it happened afterwards that the Philistines came to strip the profaned,
and they found Saul and his children fallen in mount Gilboa.
3e 4C 20
18
וַיַּ֨פְשִׁיטֻ֔הוּ וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֖וֹ וְאֶת־כֵּלָ֑יו
וַיְשַׁלְּח֨וּ בְאֶֽרֶץ־פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים סָבִ֗יב לְבַשֵּׂ֛ר אֶת־עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־הָעָֽם
9 And they stripped him, and they lifted up his head, and his cargo,
and they sent out into the land of the Philistines round about, to bring good news to their idols and the people.
3d 4A 15
23
וַיָּשִׂ֙ימוּ֙ אֶת־כֵּלָ֔יו בֵּ֖ית אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם
וְאֶת־גֻּלְגָּלְתּ֥וֹ תָקְע֖וּ בֵּ֥ית דָּגֽוֹן
10 And they put his cargo in the house of their God,
and his skull, they stuck it to the house of Dagon.
3e 4A 12
10
וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֔וּ כֹּ֖ל יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד
אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֥וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לְשָׁאֽוּל
11 And all Jabesh-Gilead heard,
all that the Philistines had done to Saul.
3d 4B 9
12
וַיָּקוּמוּ֮ כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ חַיִל֒ וַיִּשְׂא֞וּ אֶת־גּוּפַ֣ת שָׁא֗וּל וְאֵת֙ גּוּפֹ֣ת בָּנָ֔יו וַיְבִיא֖וּם יָבֵ֑ישָׁה
וַיִּקְבְּר֨וּ אֶת־עַצְמוֹתֵיהֶ֜ם תַּ֤חַת הָאֵלָה֙ בְּיָבֵ֔שׁ וַיָּצ֖וּמוּ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים
12 And they arose, every man of ability, and they lifted up the trunk and limbs of Saul and the trunks and limbs of his children, and brought them to Jabesh,
and they entombed their bones under the elm in Jabesh, and fasted seven days.
3e 4C 28
25
וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁא֗וּל בְּמַֽעֲלוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָעַ֣ל בַּֽיהוָ֔ה עַל־דְּבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־שָׁמָ֑ר
וְגַם־לִשְׁא֥וֹל בָּא֖וֹב לִדְרֽוֹשׁ
13 So Saul died in his trespass which he trespassed against Yahweh over the word of Yahweh that he did not keep,
and even requesting from the necromancer a search.
3e 4B 24
8
וְלֹֽא־דָרַ֥שׁ בַּֽיהוָ֖ה וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ
וַיַּסֵּב֙ אֶת־הַמְּלוּכָ֔ה לְדָוִ֖יד בֶּן־יִשָֽׁי
14 And not searching out in Yahweh, so he had him put to death,
and he turned around the kingdom to David the son of Jesse.
3e 4A 9
13

Saturday, 7 October 2017

Where did I hide soul?

Here's an insight into the word I think is probably the most difficult to find an appropriate gloss for.

In the first 63% of the Bible that I have read in Hebrew and written in English, here is an analysis of my glosses for the notorious נפשׁ, nun-peh-shin, nephesh. I have encountered the word 505 times (so far). There are several hundred more to go.

It occurs in several different forms: with preposition such as בנפשׁ or לנפשׁ or with definite article הנפשׁ or with a pronoun suffix like נפשׁך or with combinations of enclitics e.g. בנפשׁך, לנפשׁתיכם. 

The individual gloss is determined by what I had for breakfast, what side of the bed I got out of and whether I am still tired or not. Just kidding. The one gloss I refuse is soul, not because it is not a lovely word, but it is a falsely read word. Soul is a lovely word. If we take its meaning from what is written here, is encompasses the whole human being, its time, its relationships in groups of other beings, its sensual capacity, its breathing (throat), its dead state (cadaver), singular and plural and corporate and so on. It is clearly not disembodied. 

So it would be OK to use the word soul as long as I put an explanation for every one of its many hundreds of uses. Instead I have used a variety of glosses only one of which is overlapped with another Hebrew stem. That one is being, which is also used with היה. I did not allow the stem to overlap with חיה (life) though that might have been useful. I felt that would be also confusing two significantly different connotations. I did allow an overlap with will also. This doesn't get noted in my algorithms since I do not control the usage of helping verbs and grammatical tenses in the software. Too bad - but one could spend several lifetimes in text processing and many have.

Here is a sample of the first set for בנפשׁ. It is in the Bible 17 times (not shown) of which I have read 11. I have rendered it 9 different ways so far.

נפשׁ 505
בנפשׁ against the very self
11 1


by throat

1


for integrity

1


in being

2


in the being

1


into the throat of

1


into the will of

1


selfish

2


to the throat of

1

This next combination I have encountered only once so far, but if I encounter it again, the computer will suggest this rendering tough I may or may not use it depending on the other aspects of the phrase and sentence it is in.
נפשׁ 505
בנפשׁך that you
1 1
Similarly these next three are used only once so far.
נפשׁ 505
בנפשׁם to their being
1 1
נפשׁ
בנפשׁנו ourselves
1 1
נפשׁ
בנפשׁתם against themselves
1 1

Here are a few more.

נפשׁ 505
בנפשׁו against himself
7 1
נפשׁ
בנפשׁו against itself
7 2
נפשׁ
בנפשׁו by his integrity
7 2
נפשׁ
בנפשׁו in its integrity
7 2
נפשׁ
בנפשׁותיכם in your integrity
1 1
נפשׁ
בנפשׁי on myself
2 1
נפשׁ
בנפשׁי within me
2 1
So far not too much of a problem. But one issue shows itself here. I began to use integrity as a gloss only about 6 months ago. And I started using being as a gloss quite early, long before I noted that it would overlap with both היה (is/be/was etc) and the frequent Hebrew verbless clause with the implied to be. (But the software strips and ignores helping verbs in any case.)

As I progress further, I will also work backward further, depending on where the automation takes me and what I note on the screens I use. Integrity may be worked into some completed chapters, but being is still acceptable now and in the future. These are some of the compromises I have to manage.

Hear are the 16 so far that have the definite article ה, without any other enclitics. (There is only one other in the rest of the list under the vav at the bottom of the post. You can find it by searching for הנ)

נפשׁ 505
הנפשׁ being
16 3
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ cadaver

1
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ group

4
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ integrity

1
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ that throat

1
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ the being

1
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ the group

2
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ the integrity

2
נפשׁ
הנפשׁ the self

1
In the above, I question the gloss that throat. I think, that gloss would come from הנפשׁ הזאת, and it probably doesn't. In fact that sequence of two stems does not occur at all in the text. My excuse here is emphasizing the definite article in the mouth-throat metaphor in Qohelet 6:7. It stands for now, but you can see how when changing the oil, the mechanic might notice a faulty gasket as well.

Here is the one line summary for נפשׁ. The first one is for Esau's household. This gloss is essentially untranslated. Along with 6 others I have left untranslated.

נפשׁ -hold(1), being - being(1), being(185), beings(8), cadaver(12), group(9), groups together(1), integrity(49), now being(1), now(1), o being(10), own self(1), own(3), regroup(1), regrouped(1), self(32), self-(1), selfish(2), selves(2), someone(2), such selves(1), throat(24), untranslated(6), very self(22), very selves(3)

And here are all the rest with their Hebrew words (so far) - note that the most common is נפשׁי at 142 times. The 88 my being may find themselves changed in a few places. A quick scan doesn't raise any other red flags for me at the moment.

It is interesting that my translation may create hapax legomena in the English where there is not one in the Hebrew. I wonder if that reveals the mind of the translator or what he ate for supper.

נפשׁ 505
כנפשׁך as your own self
1 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁ from a cadaver
8 4
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁ to integrity
8 2
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁ to self
8 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁ to the being
8 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁך for your throat
5 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁך to your being
5 3
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁך to your integrity
5 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁם for themselves
4 3
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁם to them
4 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁתם themselves
1 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁתיכם for your integrity
3 3
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁו in it
1 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי for me
10 3
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי for my being
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי my being
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי of me
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי of my being
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי that is mine
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי to me
10 1
נפשׁ 505
לנפשׁי to my being
10 1

נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ a being
86 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ a cadaver
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ a group
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ a group of
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ a self
86 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ any being
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ being
86 11
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ beings
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ cadaver
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ groups together
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ he
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ him
86 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ integrity
86 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ is the being of
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ of them
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ of you
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ one
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ self
86 7
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ someone
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the being
86 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the being of
86 4
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the integrity of
86 10
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the self
86 4
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the self that
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the throat
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ the throat of
86 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ themselves
86 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ those
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ throat
86 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ what it is to be
86 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁ you
86 2

נפשׁ 505
נפשׁה her being
3 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁה her throat
3 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך you
47 8
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך your being
47 32
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך your integrity
47 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך your self
47 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך your very self
47 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁך yourself
47 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁכם your being
9 36
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁכם your integrity
9 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁכם your self
9 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁכם your selves
9 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁכם your very self
9 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם for themselves
26 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their being
26 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their beings
26 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their cadaver
26 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their integrity
26 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their self-
26 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם their very selves
26 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם them
26 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁם themselves
26 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו our being
10 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו our being is
10 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו ours he is
10 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו ourselves
10 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו us
10 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁנו we
10 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁת their
1 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁתכם your integrity
1 7
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁתיכם yourselves
13 13

נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו for it
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו he
60 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו he was
60 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו him
60 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו himself
60 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו his
60 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו his integrity
60 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו his throat
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו his very self
60 9
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו integrity
60 7
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו is his being
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its being
60 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its integrity
60 3
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its own
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its throat
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו its very self
60 7
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו itself
60 9
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו now he
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו their being
60 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו their own
60 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁו to him
60 1

נפשׁ 505
נפשׁות beings
3 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁות the beings of
3 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁות those who
3 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁותינו ourselves
1 3

נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי I
142 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי I am
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי O my being
142 10
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי being - my being
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי is my being
142 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי me
142 17
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my
142 6
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my being
142 88
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my integrity
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my self
142 5
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my throat
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי my very self
142 2
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי myself
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי now my being is
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי own
142 1
נפשׁ 505
נפשׁי that is mine
142 2

נפשׁ 505
נפשׂות such selves
1 1
נפשׁ 505
ובנפשׁי and in my being
1 1
נפשׁ 505
והנפשׁ but the self
1 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ and a self
12 2
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ and the being of
12 4
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ and the integrity of
12 2
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ and the one who is
12 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ but self
12 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ but the throat of
12 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁ but to a self
12 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁו and his being
6 2
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁו and its integrity
6 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁו and its very self
6 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁו but his being
6 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁו but it
6 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁות and
1 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁי and my being
5 3
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁי and myself
5 1
נפשׁ 505
ונפשׁי as my self
5 1
נפשׁ 505
וינפשׁ and regrouped
2 1
נפשׁ 505
וינפשׁ and will regroup
2 1

Leviticus 22

Verse 2 is hard to understand word for word. The first three tokens of the second part of the verse, אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים, are in a very strange order. I understand from a friend that
Both Rashi and Nachmanides had problems explaining Leviticus 22.2, but your suspicion is close to the Jewish midrash which has a plausible explanation, to wit: "You Levites—don't let your status as the priests in charge of the holy vessels go to your head: these vessels are not yours, so avoid treating them as such. I am the Lord, [those vessels are mine], and don't you forget it..."
O what I might have done if I had allowed soul for nephesh, נפשׁ. In this chapter a נפשׁ can touch, can be cut off, and can be bought, and a נפשׁ is a cadaver to boot.

One stem יבל in the list of proscribed offerings (v 22) is the same stem as Jubilee. It might seem that one would not offer an animal due to be returned to its owner to Yahweh either. I have not seen a translation that renders this hapax in this way.

Leviticus 22 Fn Min Max Syll
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר 1 And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 3e 3g 10
דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְיִנָּֽזְרוּ֙ מִקָּדְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א יְחַלְּל֖וּ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֑י
אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧ם מַקְדִּשִׁ֛ים לִ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה
2 Speak to Aaron and to his children that they be consecrated from the holy things of the children of Israel and they not profane my holy name,
from those things that they sanctify for me. I am Yahweh.
3c 4B 31
11
אֱמֹ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם לְדֹרֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ ׀ אֲשֶׁר־יִקְרַ֣ב מִכָּל־זַרְעֲכֶ֗ם אֶל־הַקֳּדָשִׁים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַקְדִּ֤ישׁוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְטֻמְאָת֖וֹ עָלָ֑יו
וְנִכְרְתָ֞ה הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ הַהִ֛וא מִלְּפָנַ֖י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה
3 Say to them, For your generations, everyone who will approach from all your seed to the holy things, that the children of Israel will sanctify to Yahweh, and his uncleanness is over him,
then that being will be cut off from my presence. I am Yahweh.
3c 4C 44
16
אִ֣ישׁ אִ֞ישׁ מִזֶּ֣רַע אַהֲרֹ֗ן וְה֤וּא צָר֙וּעַ֙ א֣וֹ זָ֔ב בַּקֳּדָשִׁים֙ לֹ֣א יֹאכַ֔ל עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְהָ֑ר
וְהַנֹּגֵ֙עַ֙ בְּכָל־טְמֵא־נֶ֔פֶשׁ א֣וֹ אִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּצֵ֥א מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שִׁכְבַת־זָֽרַע
4 B Any person from the seed of Aaron who is a leper or has a discharge, in holiness he will not eat until he is clean,
or who touches anything unclean, cadaver, or a man from whom has gone forth from him an emission of seed,
3e 4C 27
24
אוֹ־אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִגַּ֔ע בְּכָל־שֶׁ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֑וֹ
א֤וֹ בְאָדָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִטְמָא־ל֔וֹ לְכֹ֖ל טֻמְאָתֽוֹ
5 Or someone who touches any teeming thing that makes it unclean,
or in a human that makes it unclean of any of its uncleanness.
3e 4C 15
14
נֶ֚פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע־בּ֔וֹ וְטָמְאָ֖ה עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב
וְלֹ֤א יֹאכַל֙ מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֛י אִם־רָחַ֥ץ בְּשָׂר֖וֹ בַּמָּֽיִם
6 C A being that touches it then is unclean till evening,
and not will eat from the holy things except it washes its flesh in water.
3d 4C 14
19
וּבָ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְטָהֵ֑ר
וְאַחַר֙ יֹאכַ֣ל מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י לַחְמ֖וֹ הֽוּא
7 When the sun recedes then it will be clean,
and after let it eat from the holy things for its bread it is.
3e 4B 8
14
נְבֵלָ֧ה וּטְרֵפָ֛ה לֹ֥א יֹאכַ֖ל לְטָמְאָה־בָ֑הּ
אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה
8 A corpse or what is torn, it will not eat to be defiled in it,
I am Yahweh.
3c 4A 13
4
וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֗י וְלֹֽא־יִשְׂא֤וּ עָלָיו֙ חֵ֔טְא וּמֵ֥תוּ ב֖וֹ כִּ֣י יְחַלְּלֻ֑הוּ
אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם
9 And they will keep my watch that they not bear sin over it and they die by it, for they profane it.
I am Yahweh who sanctifies them.
3e 4C 23
7
וְכָל־זָ֖ר לֹא־יֹ֣אכַל קֹ֑דֶשׁ
תּוֹשַׁ֥ב כֹּהֵ֛ן וְשָׂכִ֖יר לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל קֹֽדֶשׁ
10 And no stranger will eat of what is holy.
A house-guest of a priest or a mercenary will not eat of what is holy.
3d 4B 7
11
וְכֹהֵ֗ן כִּֽי־יִקְנֶ֥ה נֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ קִנְיַ֣ן כַּסְפּ֔וֹ ה֖וּא יֹ֣אכַל בּ֑וֹ
וִילִ֣יד בֵּית֔וֹ הֵ֖ם יֹאכְל֥וּ בְלַחְמֽוֹ
11 But a priest that buys a being, bought with his silver, he will eat of it,
and what is born of his house, they will eat of his bread.
3e 4B 16
10
וּבַת־כֹּהֵ֔ן כִּ֥י תִהְיֶ֖ה לְאִ֣ישׁ זָ֑ר
הִ֕וא בִּתְרוּמַ֥ת הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים לֹ֥א תֹאכֵֽל
12 And the daughter of a priest that was for a stranger,
she, of a contribution of the holy things, she will not eat.
3e 4B 10
11
וּבַת־כֹּהֵן֩ כִּ֨י תִהְיֶ֜ה אַלְמָנָ֣ה וּגְרוּשָׁ֗ה וְזֶרַע֮ אֵ֣ין לָהּ֒ וְשָׁבָ֞ה אֶל־בֵּ֤ית אָבִ֙יהָ֙ כִּנְעוּרֶ֔יהָ מִלֶּ֥חֶם אָבִ֖יהָ תֹּאכֵ֑ל
וְכָל־זָ֖ר לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל בּֽוֹ
13 But the daughter of a priest that is a widow or divorced and she has no seed, and is returned to the house of her father as in her youth, from the bread of her father she will eat,
but no stranger will eat of it.
3e 4C 38
6
וְאִ֕ישׁ כִּֽי־יֹאכַ֥ל קֹ֖דֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָ֑ה
וְיָסַ֤ף חֲמִֽשִׁיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו וְנָתַ֥ן לַכֹּהֵ֖ן אֶת־הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ
14 And anyone that eats what is holy inadvertently,
will add a fifth over it to give for the priest, with the holy thing.
3e 4C 9
19
וְלֹ֣א יְחַלְּל֔וּ אֶת־קָדְשֵׁ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יָרִ֖ימוּ לַיהוָֽה
15 And they will not profane the holy things of the children of Israel,
that they contribute to Yahweh.
3e 4B 13
8
וְהִשִּׂ֤יאוּ אוֹתָם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אַשְׁמָ֔ה בְּאָכְלָ֖ם אֶת־קָדְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם
כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדְּשָֽׁם
16 Or let bear them the iniquity of offense when they eat their holy things,
for I am Yahweh who sanctifies them.
3d 4C 17
8
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר 17 And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 3e 3g 10
דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו וְאֶל֙ כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם
אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ֩ מִבֵּ֨ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וּמִן־הַגֵּ֣ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַקְרִ֤יב קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ לְכָל־נִדְרֵיהֶם֙ וּלְכָל־נִדְבוֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־יַקְרִ֥יבוּ לַיהוָ֖ה לְעֹלָֽה
18 Speak to Aaron and to his children, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them,
Any person from the house of Israel, or from the guest in Israel, who brings near his oblation for all their vows, and for all their freewill offerings that they will bring near to Yahweh for a burnt offering,
3e 4C 25
42
לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם
תָּמִ֣ים זָכָ֔ר בַּבָּקָ֕ר בַּכְּשָׂבִ֖ים וּבָֽעִזִּֽים
19 to be accepted for you,
a complete male in oxen, in young lambs, or in she-goats.
3e 4B 3
14
כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־בּ֥וֹ מ֖וּם לֹ֣א תַקְרִ֑יבוּ
כִּי־לֹ֥א לְרָצ֖וֹן יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶֽם
20 d Any that has in it a spot, you will not bring near,
for it will not be acceptable for you.
3d 4B 9
8
וְאִ֗ישׁ כִּֽי־יַקְרִ֤יב זֶֽבַח־שְׁלָמִים֙ לַיהוָ֔ה לְפַלֵּא־נֶ֙דֶר֙ א֣וֹ לִנְדָבָ֔ה בַּבָּקָ֖ר א֣וֹ בַצֹּ֑אן
תָּמִ֤ים יִֽהְיֶה֙ לְרָצ֔וֹן כָּל־מ֖וּם לֹ֥א יִהְיֶה־בּֽוֹ
21 And anyone that approaches to offer peace offerings to Yahweh for a wonderful vow or for a freewill offering in oxen or in sheep,
complete it will be to be acceptable. There will not be any spot in it.
3e 4C 27
13
עַוֶּרֶת֩ א֨וֹ שָׁב֜וּר אוֹ־חָר֣וּץ אֽוֹ־יַבֶּ֗לֶת א֤וֹ גָרָב֙ א֣וֹ יַלֶּ֔פֶת לֹא־תַקְרִ֥יבוּ אֵ֖לֶּה לַיהוָ֑ה
וְאִשֶּׁ֗ה לֹא־תִתְּנ֥וּ מֵהֶ֛ם עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ לַיהוָֽה
22 Blind, or broken, or maimed, or with a running sore, or scabbed, or mangy, you will not bring these near to Yahweh,
nor will you give an offering by fire of them on the altar to Yahweh.
3d 4C 26
15
וְשׁ֥וֹר וָשֶׂ֖ה שָׂר֣וּעַ וְקָל֑וּט
נְדָבָה֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וּלְנֵ֖דֶר לֹ֥א יֵרָצֶֽה
23 And bull or lamb with anything superfluous, or handicapped,
a freewill offering you may make with it, but for a vow, it will not be accepted.
3e 4B 10
15
וּמָע֤וּךְ וְכָתוּת֙ וְנָת֣וּק וְכָר֔וּת לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֖יבוּ לַֽיהוָ֑ה
וּֽבְאַרְצְכֶ֖ם לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ
24 And the emasculated, or the beaten, or the snapped, or the cut, you will not bring near for Yahweh,
nor in your land will you do it.
3e 4C 18
8
וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־אֵ֑לֶּה
כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם לֹ֥א יֵרָצ֖וּ לָכֶֽם
25 And from the hand of the child of a foreigner, you will not bring near the bread of your God from any of these,
for their impairment is in them. Spot is in them. They will not be accepted for you.
3d 4C 21
14
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר 26 And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 3e 3g 10
שׁ֣וֹר אוֹ־כֶ֤שֶׂב אוֹ־עֵז֙ כִּ֣י יִוָּלֵ֔ד וְהָיָ֛ה שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֖ים תַּ֣חַת אִמּ֑וֹ
וּמִיּ֤וֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי֙ וָהָ֔לְאָה יֵרָצֶ֕ה לְקָרְבַּ֥ן אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה
27 B A bull or a young lamb or a she-goat that is born, will be seven days under its mother,
and from the eighth day and thereafter, it will be accepted to be brought near as an offering by fire to Yahweh.
3d 4C 20
19
וְשׁ֖וֹר אוֹ־שֶׂ֑ה
אֹת֣וֹ וְאֶת־בְּנ֔וֹ לֹ֥א תִשְׁחֲט֖וּ בְּי֥וֹם אֶחָֽד
28 And bull or lamb,
it and its child you will not butcher in one day.
3e 4B 4
14
וְכִֽי־תִזְבְּח֥וּ זֶֽבַח־תּוֹדָ֖ה לַיהוָ֑ה
לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֖ם תִּזְבָּֽחוּ
29 And when you offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving to Yahweh,
of your acceptance you will offer it.
3e 4A 11
6
בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ יֵאָכֵ֔ל לֹֽא־תוֹתִ֥ירוּ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ עַד־בֹּ֑קֶר
אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה
30 In that day it will be eaten. Let nothing remain from it until morning.
I am Yahweh.
3e 4C 16
4
וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ מִצְוֺתַ֔י וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם
אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה
31 And keep my commandments and do them.
I am Yahweh.
3e 4A 12
4
וְלֹ֤א תְחַלְּלוּ֙ אֶת־שֵׁ֣ם קָדְשִׁ֔י וְנִ֨קְדַּשְׁתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶֽם
32 And you will not profane my holy name, but I will be sanctified among the children of Israel.
I am Yahweh who sanctifies you,
3e 4C 20
8
הַמּוֹצִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִהְי֥וֹת לָכֶ֖ם לֵאלֹהִ֑ים
אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה
33 Who brought you out from the land of Egypt to become your God.
I am Yahweh.
3e 4C 17
4