Friday, 30 September 2022

The music of a word

Here's a little more analysis of that five-letter word - viamr - your hebrew-dle for the week. It's used 2079 times out of the 5491 times that amr appears in the Hebrew canon. It has a number of distinct vowel patterns - and also distinct accents with these vowel patterns. It's small enough in this high level extract from the concordance to analyse by hand.

The music is varied. The same accent is not always used. In fact I think almost every accent is used with this word in the Bible.

Here are some examples that begin with vav and a schwa (:) and the accent is on the third syllable, and the aleph is silent - 6 of those. (My mapping of the vowels from Hebrew to English is here.)

viamr _:_o__a-֗_ 1 Hab 2:6(10)
viamr _:_o__a-֣_ 3 e.g. Isa 44:16(14)
viamr _:_o__a-֥_ 1 2Kgs 9:17(21)
viamr _:_o__a-_֙ 1 Isa 44:17(10)

Then (below) there are 16 instances of v with an /a/ sound, and the accent on the first syllable, or the first and second syllables (it's music).  The first example from Job below is the very common up and down 'revia-mugrash' giving a lighter accent on the first syllable.

The qarne (horn) on 2 Kings 9 verse 27 is striking and will produce a slowdown on the first syllable and probably an unaccented accent when the vocal line returns to the subdominant.
Unexpected accent on the first syllable of viamr in 2:Kings 9:27
In the remainder of the next table, the three examples are moving to a new reciting note on the first syllable.

viamr _a-֝_o֗__e_ 1 Job 36:10(4)
viamr _a-֠_o__e_ 12 e.g. 2Kgs 9:27(12)
viamr _a-֤_o__e_ 1 Gen 32:17(7)
viamr _a-֥_o__e_ 1 Jdg 10:11(1)
viamr _a-ֽ_o__e_ 1 2Sa 13:15(14)

The ones below are generally one accent but sometimes two on the second and third syllables. You can see there are lots of them with various accents. I am choosing a few that exhibit some of the variations. 
viamr _a-_o֔__e_ 15
viamr _a-_o֕__e_ 116
viamr _a-_o֖__e_ 97
viamr _a-_o֗__e_ 131
viamr _a-_o֙__e_֙ 140 e.g. Gen 48:19(3)
The setting in Gen 48:19 for viomr.
Note the dots: the yod has a dagesh and the aleph an o.
The remaining quarter circle above the aleph is the accent and it's repeated.
The distinct placement is not treated as significant in this deciphering key.

Next we have 1500 or so that are all accented on the second syllable. And another 100+ that are accented on the third syllable. I am going to miss them out of this list because it is becoming tedious.  But here's one that is unique - and it's a good place to end - splitting the word over three reciting notes right at the end of the verse. A spondee for emphasis.
Stressing syllables 2 and 3 in the final statement of Judges 12:5.

Names and shapes of all the accents are here. The full list for amr is here.

Can you begin to imagine how many research papers are required to expose the uniqueness of all this music.


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