רפד is the stem for the place name Rephidim. What can we get from this stem? Check out the Song. Try 2:5 and 3:10. Amalek is figurative. The battle is close, severe, and highly subject to errors of interpretation, (sort of like life). But it only rates a hillock. This shows our weakness in the face of the flesh.
The tension between group and individual is clear in the mismatched pronouns of verse 3.
I don't see any swearing in verse 16. Re the name of the altar, I am reading נס as נוס, haven. The throne (כסא) of Yahweh being a haven, the 'hand on the throne' is a usurpation of the safety to be had there and so there is a perpetual war.
| Exodus 17 | Fn | Min | Max | Syll | ||
| וַ֠יִּסְעוּ כָּל־עֲדַ֨ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל מִמִּדְבַּר־סִ֛ין לְמַסְעֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ בִּרְפִידִ֔ים וְאֵ֥ין מַ֖יִם לִשְׁתֹּ֥ת הָעָֽם | 1 | ~ | And all the assembly of the children of Israel pulled out from the wilderness of Sin for their migrations at the mandate of Yahweh, and they camped in Rephidim and there was no water to imbibe for the people. | 3c | 4B | 23 14 |
| וַיָּ֤רֶב הָעָם֙ עִם־מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ תְּנוּ־לָ֥נוּ מַ֖יִם וְנִשְׁתֶּ֑ה וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה מַה־תְּרִיבוּן֙ עִמָּדִ֔י מַה־תְּנַסּ֖וּן אֶת־יְהוָֽה | 2 | And the people contended with Moses and they said, Give us water that we may imbibe. And Moses said to them, Why do you contend with me? Why do you tempt Yahweh? | 3e | 4C | 18 21 | |
| וַיִּצְמָ֨א שָׁ֤ם הָעָם֙ לַמַּ֔יִם וַיָּ֥לֶן הָעָ֖ם עַל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ הֶעֱלִיתָ֣נוּ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם לְהָמִ֥ית אֹתִ֛י וְאֶת־בָּנַ֥י וְאֶת־מִקְנַ֖י בַּצָּמָֽא | 3 | And the people thirsted there for water and the people grumbled against Moses, and said, Why is it you have brought us up from Egypt to execute me, and my children, and my livestock with thirst? | 3d | 4C | 16 30 | |
| וַיִּצְעַ֤ק מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה לֵאמֹ֔ר מָ֥ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה ע֥וֹד מְעַ֖ט וּסְקָלֻֽנִי | 4 | And Moses cried out to Yahweh, saying, What will I do for this people? Yet a little more, and they will engulf me with stones. | 3e | 4C | 18 7 | |
| וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲבֹר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם וְקַ֥ח אִתְּךָ֖ מִזִּקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּמַטְּךָ֗ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכִּ֤יתָ בּוֹ֙ אֶת־הַיְאֹ֔ר קַ֥ח בְּיָדְךָ֖ וְהָלָֽכְתָּ | 5 | And Yahweh said to Moses, Pass onward before the people, then take with you from the elders of Israel, and your rod with which you struck the Nile, take in your hand and go. | 3e | 4C | 24 20 | |
| הִנְנִ֣י עֹמֵד֩ לְפָנֶ֨יךָ שָּׁ֥ם ׀ עַֽל־הַצּוּר֮ בְּחֹרֵב֒ וְהִכִּ֣יתָ בַצּ֗וּר וְיָצְא֥וּ מִמֶּ֛נּוּ מַ֖יִם וְשָׁתָ֣ה הָעָ֑ם וַיַּ֤עַשׂ כֵּן֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה לְעֵינֵ֖י זִקְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | 6 | Note me well. I stand before you there on the rock at Horeb, and you will strike the rock, and water will come forth from it, and the people will imbibe. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel. | 3d | 4C | 33 14 | |
| וַיִּקְרָא֙ שֵׁ֣ם הַמָּק֔וֹם מַסָּ֖ה וּמְרִיבָ֑ה עַל־רִ֣יב ׀ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְעַ֨ל נַסֹּתָ֤ם אֶת־יְהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲיֵ֧שׁ יְהוָ֛ה בְּקִרְבֵּ֖נוּ אִם־אָֽיִן | 7 | And he called the name of place Temptation and Contention, in that the children of Israel contended and in that they tempted Yahweh, saying, Is Yahweh among us or is there nothing? | 3c | 4C | 12 28 | |
| וַיָּבֹ֖א עֲמָלֵ֑ק וַיִּלָּ֥חֶם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בִּרְפִידִֽם | 8 | And Amalek came, and fought the people of Israel in Rephidim. | 3e | 4A | 6 11 | |
| וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֤ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ בְּחַר־לָ֣נוּ אֲנָשִׁ֔ים וְצֵ֖א הִלָּחֵ֣ם בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק מָחָ֗ר אָנֹכִ֤י נִצָּב֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הַגִּבְעָ֔ה וּמַטֵּ֥ה הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּיָדִֽי | 9 | And Moses said to Joshua, Chose for us men, and go out to battle against Amalek. Tomorrow I will take a stand on the top of the hillock, and the rod of God in my hand. | 3e | 4C | 26 22 | |
| וַיַּ֣עַשׂ יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר אָֽמַר־לוֹ֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק וּמֹשֶׁה֙ אַהֲרֹ֣ן וְח֔וּר עָל֖וּ רֹ֥אשׁ הַגִּבְעָֽה | 10 | And Joshua did as Moses had said to him, to fight against Amalek, and Moses, Aaron, and Hur ascended to the top of the hillock. | 3e | 4C | 23 14 | |
| וְהָיָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥ים מֹשֶׁ֛ה יָד֖וֹ וְגָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנִ֛יחַ יָד֖וֹ וְגָבַ֥ר עֲמָלֵֽק | 11 | And it happened that as Moses lifted high his hand that Israel prevailed, but as he rested his hand then Amalek prevailed. | 3d | 4B | 18 15 | |
| וִידֵ֤י מֹשֶׁה֙ כְּבֵדִ֔ים וַיִּקְחוּ־אֶ֛בֶן וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ תַחְתָּ֖יו וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב עָלֶ֑יהָ וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן וְח֜וּר תָּֽמְכ֣וּ בְיָדָ֗יו מִזֶּ֤ה אֶחָד֙ וּמִזֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י יָדָ֛יו אֱמוּנָ֖ה עַד־בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ | 12 | And the hands of Moses were heavy, and they took a stone that they set under him, and he sat on it, and Aaron and Hur maintained his hands, from this, one, and from that, the other, so his hands dependable were until the going down of the sun. | 3d | 4C | 23 32 | |
| וַיַּחֲלֹ֧שׁ יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֥ק וְאֶת־עַמּ֖וֹ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב | 13 | And Joshua vanquished Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword. | 3c | 3g | 19 | |
| וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּתֹ֨ב זֹ֤את זִכָּרוֹן֙ בַּסֵּ֔פֶר וְשִׂ֖ים בְּאָזְנֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ כִּֽי־מָחֹ֤ה אֶמְחֶה֙ אֶת־זֵ֣כֶר עֲמָלֵ֔ק מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָֽיִם | 14 | And Yahweh said to Moses, Write this memorial in a book to set in the ears of Joshua, for to wipe out, I will wipe out the memorial of Amalek from under the heavens. | 3e | 4C | 26 17 | |
| וַיִּ֥בֶן מֹשֶׁ֖ה מִזְבֵּ֑חַ וַיִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ נִסִּֽי | 15 | And Moses built an altar, and he called its name, Yahweh is my haven. | 3e | 4A | 8 9 | |
| וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כִּֽי־יָד֙ עַל־כֵּ֣ס יָ֔הּ מִלְחָמָ֥ה לַיהוָ֖ה בַּֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק מִדֹּ֖ר דֹּֽר | 16 | And he said that a hand on the throne of Yah, is a war for Yahweh against Amalek, from generation to generation. | 3e | 4B | 17 3 |
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