2 Kings 8

I could have been speaking to my shrink, and she said to me, Bob, where did you begin to go wrong that you wanted to change all the glosses in the English of the Hebrew Bible?

And I answered, It was all the smiting.

So now, she asked, you have all that striking? 

And I replied, It does look as if I have simply changed one for the other. But I have sorted some of the violence...

The Latin was the original culprit. Let's find נכה and הלם and see. There are 16 Latin roots for נכה and 8 for הלם, three of which overlap. And I wondered, smite being a touch archaic anyway, if it were possible to translate without overlapping different roots. I have traded the archaic for the awkward. And for these two words, there is no overlap at all and each has only one gloss in English.

הלם smite(2), smiting(1), smitten(2)
נכה more strikes(1), Neko(5), stricken(4), strike(60), striker(1), strikes(14), striking(5), struck(164)

I am mildly surprised. Words that are more or less straightforward.

2 Kings 8		Fn		Min	Max	Syll
וֶאֱלִישָׁ֡ע דִּבֶּ֣ר אֶל־הָאִשָּׁה֩ אֲשֶׁר־הֶחֱיָ֨ה אֶת־בְּנָ֜הּ לֵאמֹ֗ר ק֤וּמִי וּלְכִי֙ אַ֣תְּ וּבֵיתֵ֔ךְ וְג֖וּרִי בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּג֑וּרִי כִּֽי־קָרָ֤א יְהוָה֙ לָֽרָעָ֔ב וְגַם־בָּ֥א אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים	1		And Elisha spoke to the woman whose son he had made live, saying, Arise and come away, you and your house, and reside wherever you can reside, because Yahweh has called for famine, and moreover, it will come to the land seven years.	3e	4C	37 18
וַתָּ֙קָם֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה וַתַּ֕עַשׂ כִּדְבַ֖ר אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַתֵּ֤לֶךְ הִיא֙ וּבֵיתָ֔הּ וַתָּ֥גָר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים	2		And the woman arose and she did according to the word of the man of God, and she went, she and her house, and she resided in the land of the Philistines seven years.	3e	4C	16 20
וַיְהִ֗י מִקְצֵה֙ שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֔ים וַתָּ֥שָׁב הָאִשָּׁ֖ה מֵאֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַתֵּצֵא֙ לִצְעֹ֣ק אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֶל־בֵּיתָ֖הּ וְאֶל־שָׂדָֽהּ	3		And it was at the culmination of seven years, and the woman returned from the land of the Philistines, and she went forth to cry out to the king for her house and for her field.	3e	4B	20 16
וְהַמֶּ֗לֶךְ מְדַבֵּר֙ אֶל־גֵּ֣חֲזִ֔י נַ֥עַר אִישׁ־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר סַפְּרָה־נָּ֣א לִ֔י אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַגְּדֹל֖וֹת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֥ה אֱלִישָֽׁע	4		And the king was speaking to Gehazi, a lad of the man of God, saying, Recount, please, for me all the great things that Elisha has done.	3e	4B	20 16
וַ֠יְהִי ה֥וּא מְסַפֵּ֣ר לַמֶּלֶךְ֮ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־הֶחֱיָ֣ה אֶת־הַמֵּת֒ וְהִנֵּ֨ה הָאִשָּׁ֜ה אֲשֶׁר־הֶחֱיָ֤ה אֶת־בְּנָהּ֙ צֹעֶ֣קֶת אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עַל־בֵּיתָ֖הּ וְעַל־שָׂדָ֑הּ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר גֵּֽחֲזִי֙ אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ זֹ֚את הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה וְזֶה־בְּנָ֖הּ אֲשֶׁר־הֶחֱיָ֥ה אֱלִישָֽׁע	5	~	And as he was himself recounting to the king that he had made live what was dead, that behold, the woman whose son he had made live was crying out to the king concerning her house and concerning her field, and Gehazi said, My lord the king, this is the woman, and this her son that Elisha made live.	3e	4C	46 28
וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לָאִשָּׁ֖ה וַתְּסַפֶּר־ל֑וֹ וַיִּתֶּן־לָ֣הּ הַמֶּלֶךְ֩ סָרִ֨יס אֶחָ֜ד לֵאמֹ֗ר הָשֵׁ֤יב אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לָהּ֙ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־תְּבוּאֹ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה מִיּ֛וֹם עָזְבָ֥ה אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־עָֽתָּה	6		And the king asked the woman, and she recounted to him. So the king assigned to her one eunuch, saying, Restore all that is hers and all the income of the field from the day she forsook the land and till now.	3d	4C	13 41
וַיָּבֹ֤א אֱלִישָׁע֙ דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וּבֶן־הֲדַ֥ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֖ם חֹלֶ֑ה וַיֻּגַּד־ל֣וֹ לֵאמֹ֔ר בָּ֛א אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עַד־הֵֽנָּה	7		And Elisha came to Damascus and Benhadad, king of Aram, was ill, and it was told him, saying, The man of God is come. Just look.	3d	4C	19 15
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶל־חֲזָהאֵ֗ל קַ֤ח בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ מִנְחָ֔ה וְלֵ֕ךְ לִקְרַ֖את אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְדָרַשְׁתָּ֨ אֶת־יְהוָ֤ה מֵֽאוֹתוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶחְיֶ֖ה מֵחֳלִ֥י זֶֽה	8		And the king to said Hazael, Take by your hand a gift, and go to call on the man of God. And you search out Yahweh through him, saying, Will I outlive this illness?	3e	4C	25 19
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ חֲזָאֵל֮ לִקְרָאתוֹ֒ וַיִּקַּ֨ח מִנְחָ֤ה בְיָדוֹ֙ וְכָל־ט֣וּב דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק מַשָּׂ֖א אַרְבָּעִ֣ים גָּמָ֑ל וַיָּבֹא֙ וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד לְפָנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בִּנְךָ֨ בֶן־הֲדַ֤ד מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָם֙ שְׁלָחַ֤נִי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶחְיֶ֖ה מֵחֳלִ֥י זֶֽה	9		And Hazael went to encounter him, and he took a gift in his hand of everything good in Damascus, the load of forty camels. And he came and he stood before him and said, Your child, Benhadad, king of Aram, sent me to you to say, Will I outlive this illness?	3e	4C	30 38
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ אֱלִישָׁ֔ע לֵ֥ךְ אֱמָר־ל֖וֹ חָיֹ֣ה תִחְיֶ֑ה וְהִרְאַ֥נִי יְהוָ֖ה כִּֽי־מ֥וֹת יָמֽוּת	10		And Elisha said to him, Go. Say to him, To live, you will live, but Yahweh has showed me that to die, he will die.	3e	4C	16 10
וַיַּעֲמֵ֥ד אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו וַיָּ֣שֶׂם עַד־בֹּ֑שׁ וַיֵּ֖בְךְּ אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִֽים	11		And he steadied his face and was set until he was ashamed, and the man of God wept.	3e	4B	12 8
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חֲזָאֵ֔ל מַדּ֖וּעַ אֲדֹנִ֣י בֹכֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֡אמֶר כִּֽי־יָדַ֡עְתִּי אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־תַּעֲשֶׂה֩ לִבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל רָעָ֗ה מִבְצְרֵיהֶ֞ם תְּשַׁלַּ֤ח בָּאֵשׁ֙ וּבַחֻֽרֵיהֶם֙ בַּחֶ֣רֶב תַּהֲרֹ֔ג וְעֹלְלֵיהֶ֣ם תְּרַטֵּ֔שׁ וְהָרֹתֵיהֶ֖ם תְּבַקֵּֽעַ	12		And said Hazael, Why, my lord, weep? And he said, Because I know that will you do evil to the children of Israel. Their enclosures you will send into the fire, and their chosen by the sword you will slay, and their infants you will dash in pieces, and their pregnant women you will split in two.	3e	4C	14 55
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר חֲזָהאֵ֔ל כִּ֣י מָ֤ה עַבְדְּךָ֙ הַכֶּ֔לֶב כִּ֣י יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה הַדָּבָ֥ר הַגָּד֖וֹל הַזֶּ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלִישָׁ֔ע הִרְאַ֧נִי יְהוָ֛ה אֹתְךָ֖ מֶ֥לֶךְ עַל־אֲרָֽם	13		And Hazael said, For what? Is your servant a dog that he will deal with this great thing? And said Elisha, Yahweh showed me. You will be king over Aram.	3c	4C	26 18
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ׀ מֵאֵ֣ת אֱלִישָׁ֗ע וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־אֲדֹנָ֔יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ מָֽה־אָמַ֥ר לְךָ֖ אֱלִישָׁ֑ע וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אָ֥מַר לִ֖י חָיֹ֥ה תִחְיֶֽה	14		And he went from Elisha, and he came to his master. And he said to him, What did Elisha say to you? And he said said to me, To live, you will live.	3e	4B	27 10
וַיְהִ֣י מִֽמָּחֳרָ֗ת וַיִּקַּ֤ח הַמַּכְבֵּר֙ וַיִּטְבֹּ֣ל בַּמַּ֔יִם וַיִּפְרֹ֥שׂ עַל־פָּנָ֖יו וַיָּמֹ֑ת וַיִּמְלֹ֥ךְ חֲזָהאֵ֖ל תַּחְתָּֽיו	15		And it happened afterwards that he took fabric that he had dipped in the water to spread on his face, and he died. And Hazael reigned in his stead.	3e	4C	26 8
וּבִשְׁנַ֣ת חָמֵ֗שׁ לְיוֹרָ֤ם בֶּן־אַחְאָב֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וִיהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה מָלַ֛ךְ יְהוֹרָ֥ם בֶּן־יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה	16		And in the fifth year of Joram, child of Ahab king of Israel, when Jehoshaphat was king of Judah, Jehoram, child of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, reigned.	3d	4C	25 15
בֶּן־שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁתַּ֛יִם שָׁנָ֖ה הָיָ֣ה בְמָלְכ֑וֹ וּשְׁמֹנֶ֣ה שָׁנִ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם	17		A child of thirty two years he was when he began to reign, and eight years he reigned in Jerusalem.	3d	4B	13 11
וַיֵּ֜לֶךְ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֔ב כִּ֚י בַּת־אַחְאָ֔ב הָֽיְתָה־לּ֖וֹ לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה	18		And he walked in the way of the kings of Israel as had done the house of Ahab, because the daughter of Ahab was his wife. And he did evil in the eyes of Yahweh.	3e	4C	29 10
וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ לְהַשְׁחִ֣ית אֶת־יְהוּדָ֔ה לְמַ֖עַן דָּוִ֣ד עַבְדּ֑וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר אָֽמַר־ל֗וֹ לָתֵ֨ת ל֥וֹ נִ֛יר לְבָנָ֖יו כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים	19		But Yahweh did not consent to destroy Judah for the sake of David his servant, as he had promised to him to permit for him a lamp for his children every day.	3d	4C	19 17
בְּיָמָיו֙ פָּשַׁ֣ע אֱד֔וֹם מִתַּ֖חַת יַד־יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיַּמְלִ֥כוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מֶֽלֶךְ	20		In his days Edom transgressed from under the hand of Judah, and they made a king reign over them.	3e	4B	14 9
וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר יוֹרָם֙ צָעִ֔ירָה וְכָל־הָרֶ֖כֶב עִמּ֑וֹ וַֽיְהִי־ה֞וּא קָ֣ם לַ֗יְלָה וַיַּכֶּ֨ה אֶת־אֱד֜וֹם הַסֹּבֵ֤יב אֵלָיו֙ וְאֵת֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרֶ֔כֶב וַיָּ֥נָס הָעָ֖ם לְאֹהָלָֽיו	21		So Joram crossed over to Zair and every charioteer with him. And he arose by night and struck Edom round about him and the chief charioteers. And the people withdrew to their tents.	3e	4C	16 32
וַיִּפְשַׁ֣ע אֱד֗וֹם מִתַּ֙חַת֙ יַד־יְהוּדָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה אָ֛ז תִּפְשַׁ֥ע לִבְנָ֖ה בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִֽיא	22		And Edom has transgressed from under the hand of Judah to this day. Then Livnah transgressed at that same time.	3d	4B	17 9
וְיֶ֛תֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י יוֹרָ֖ם וְכָל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה הֲלֽוֹא־הֵ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לְמַלְכֵ֥י יְהוּדָֽה	23		And the remaining words of Joram and all that he undertook, are they not written in the record of the words of the days of the kings of Judah?	3d	4B	13 20
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֤ב יוֹרָם֙ עִם־אֲבֹתָ֔יו וַיִּקָּבֵ֥ר עִם־אֲבֹתָ֖יו בְּעִ֣יר דָּוִ֑ד וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ בְנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו	24		And Joram was laid out with his ancestors, and was entombed with his ancestors in the city of David, and Achaziah his son reigned in his stead.	3d	4C	21 11
בִּשְׁנַת֙ שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה שָׁנָ֔ה לְיוֹרָ֥ם בֶּן־אַחְאָ֖ב מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מָלַ֛ךְ אֲחַזְיָ֥הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹרָ֖ם מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה	25		In the twelfth year of the years of Joram, child of Ahab king of Israel, Achaziah reigned, child of Jehoram king of Judah.	3d	4B	19 15
בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וּשְׁתַּ֤יִם שָׁנָה֙ אֲחַזְיָ֣הוּ בְמָלְכ֔וֹ וְשָׁנָ֣ה אַחַ֔ת מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְשֵׁ֤ם אִמּוֹ֙ עֲתַלְיָ֔הוּ בַּת־עָמְרִ֖י מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	26		A child of twenty two years was Achaziah when he began to reign, and one year he reigned in Jerusalem. And the name of his mother was Ataliah, the daughter of Omri king of Israel.	3e	4C	25 16
וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ בְּדֶ֙רֶךְ֙ בֵּ֣ית אַחְאָ֔ב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה כְּבֵ֣ית אַחְאָ֑ב כִּ֛י חֲתַ֥ן בֵּית־אַחְאָ֖ב הֽוּא	27		And he walked in the way of the house of Ahab, and he did evil in the eyes of Yahweh as the house of Ahab, because son-in-law of the house of Ahab was he.	3c	4B	23 7
וַיֵּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־יוֹרָ֣ם בֶּן־אַחְאָ֗ב לַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה עִם־חֲזָהאֵ֥ל מֶֽלֶךְ־אֲרָ֖ם בְּרָמֹ֣ת גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיַּכּ֥וּ אֲרַמִּ֖ים אֶת־יוֹרָֽם	28		And he went with Joram child of Ahab to war with Hazael king of Aram on the high ground of Gilead, and the Aramaeans struck Joram.	3d	4B	26 9
וַיָּשָׁב֩ יוֹרָ֨ם הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לְהִתְרַפֵּ֣א בְיִזְרְעֶ֗אל מִן־הַמַּכִּים֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֻּ֤הוּ אֲרַמִּים֙ בָּֽרָמָ֔ה בְּהִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וֹ אֶת־חֲזָהאֵ֖ל מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם וַאֲחַזְיָ֨הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹרָ֜ם מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֗ה יָרַ֡ד לִרְא֞וֹת אֶת־יוֹרָ֧ם בֶּן־אַחְאָ֛ב בְּיִזְרְעֶ֖אל כִּֽי־חֹלֶ֥ה הֽוּא	29		And Joram the king returned to be healed in Jezreel from the defeats that the Aramaeans struck on the high ground when they fought with Hazael king of Aram. And Achaziah child of Jehoram king of Judah went down to see Joram child of Ahab in Jezreel, for he was ill.	3c	4C	45 32