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Saturday, 18 February 2017

2 Kings 18

It may be that I am letting the word sequences take me by similarities around the newspapers of the complex generations of conflict, deportation, and exile in Judah and Israel with Assyria (Ashur) and Babylon (Babel). This is not history that I am very familiar with, nor is it easy to discover. Snippets of information occur in the prophets and in the books of Kings and Chronicles. Hopefully patterns will emerge and give some clarity as we navigate the archives. There are various charts around the web showing who was who when. Quite a few on Wikipedia, and carefully constructed. I find the only way to 'get the picture' is to construct one's own, but it would be a distraction at the moment.

I am having enough trouble with the reading itself. The language structure is more awkward here (and in a couple of recent chapters) than I recall, word orders like v, s, s, s, a verb followed by three subjects, a delegation, where I would have to move the English verb a mile from its original musical location. (I don't mind moving it an inch.) And names of characters that are not names but more likely titles, revealing a role one might not expect like chief cupbearer. I did not use chief, but overlord. I could make an exception to my rules and let רב and שר overlap, but overlord sounds like a suitable name for this persuasive character who takes Yahweh as his authority, even if deceitfully, (he knows the jargon) to the chagrin of the Judeans.

It's worth noting, given some dispute over the covering the feet euphemism, that in this case the dung and piss of the KJV interprets the euphemism, as does the JB, (dung and urine), and I have not done so below.

Hoshea was the last king of Israel (732-722) Hezekiah's dates are disputed. The articles compare four estimates from historians. (Told you it would be a distraction.)

2 Kings 18 Fn Min Max Syll
וַֽיְהִי֙ בִּשְׁנַ֣ת שָׁלֹ֔שׁ לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
מָלַ֛ךְ חִזְקִיָּ֥ה בֶן־אָחָ֖ז מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה
1 And it was in the third year of Hoshea, child of Eilah, king of Israel,
Hezekiah reigned, child of Ahaz king of Judah.
3d 4B 18
13
בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ הָיָ֣ה בְמָלְכ֔וֹ וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וָתֵ֙שַׁע֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ אֲבִ֖י בַּת־זְכַרְיָֽה
2 A child of twenty five years he was when he began to reign, and twenty nine years he reigned in Jerusalem,
and the name of his mother was Abi, the daughter of Zachariah.
3e 4C 27
10
וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הַיָּשָׁ֖ר בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה
כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה דָּוִ֥ד אָבִֽיו
3 And he did what is upright in the eyes of Yahweh,
according to everything that David his father had done.
3e 4B 11
10
ה֣וּא ׀ הֵסִ֣יר אֶת־הַבָּמ֗וֹת וְשִׁבַּר֙ אֶת־הַמַּצֵּבֹ֔ת וְכָרַ֖ת אֶת־הָֽאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה
וְכִתַּת֩ נְחַ֨שׁ הַנְּחֹ֜שֶׁת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה מֹשֶׁ֗ה כִּ֣י עַד־הַיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵ֙מָּה֙ הָי֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מְקַטְּרִ֣ים ל֔וֹ וַיִּקְרָא־ל֖וֹ נְחֻשְׁתָּֽן
4 B He put aside the high places, and shattered the monument, and cut off the fetish,
and beat the brass snake that Moses had made, for to those days, the children of Israel were burning incense to it, and he called it Nehushtan.
3e 4C 23
40
בַּיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּטָ֑ח
וְאַחֲרָ֞יו לֹא־הָיָ֣ה כָמֹ֗הוּ בְּכֹל֙ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֖וּ לְפָנָֽיו
5 In Yahweh, the God of Israel, he trusted,
and after him there was not his like among all the kings of Judah, nor that were before him.
3e 4B 10
24
וַיִּדְבַּק֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה לֹא־סָ֖ר מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑יו
וַיִּשְׁמֹר֙ מִצְוֺתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה
6 And he stayed close to Yahweh. He did not depart from following him,
and kept his commandments which Yahweh commanded Moses.
3e 4A 11
15
וְהָיָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ עִמּ֔וֹ בְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵ֖א יַשְׂכִּ֑יל
וַיִּמְרֹ֥ד בְּמֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֖וּר וְלֹ֥א עֲבָדֽוֹ
7 And Yahweh was with him. Everywhere he went out was with insight.
And he mutinied against the king of Ashur, and did not serve him.
3e 4C 15
13
הֽוּא־הִכָּ֧ה אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים עַד־עַזָּ֖ה וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶ֑יהָ
מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל נוֹצְרִ֖ים עַד־עִ֥יר מִבְצָֽר
8 Himself, he struck the Philistines to Gaza and her borders,
from observation tower to enclosed city.
3c 4A 16
9
וַֽיְהִ֞י בַּשָּׁנָ֤ה הָֽרְבִיעִית֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ הִ֚יא הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ית לְהוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בֶּן־אֵלָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
עָלָ֞ה שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֧סֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר עַל־שֹׁמְר֖וֹן וַיָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽיהָ
9 And it happened in the fourth year of the reign of Hezekiah, (this was the seventh year of Hoshea child of Eilah king of Israel),
Shalmaneser king of Ashur came up against Samaria and laid siege to it.
3c 4C 34
19
וַֽיִּלְכְּדֻ֗הָ מִקְצֵה֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֔ים בִּשְׁנַת־שֵׁ֖שׁ לְחִזְקִיָּ֑ה
הִ֣יא שְׁנַת־תֵּ֗שַׁע לְהוֹשֵׁ֙עַ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נִלְכְּדָ֖ה שֹׁמְרֽוֹן
10 And he conquered it at the culmination of three years, in the sixth year of Hezekiah.
(This was year nine of Hoshea, king of Israel, that Samaria was conquered.)
3e 4B 18
19
וַיֶּ֧גֶל מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֛וּר אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אַשּׁ֑וּרָה
וַיַּנְחֵ֞ם בַּחְלַ֧ח וּבְחָב֛וֹר נְהַ֥ר גּוֹזָ֖ן וְעָרֵ֥י מָדָֽי
11 And the king of Ashur exiled Israel to Ashur,
and he guided them into Xalax and Xabor, the river Gozan, and the cities of Media.
3c 4A 14
17
עַ֣ל ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִית֔וֹ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֣בֶד יְהוָ֑ה
וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ וְלֹ֥א עָשֽׂוּ
12 B In that they did not hear with the voice of Yahweh their God, and they bypassed his covenant,
all that Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded, both they did not hear and they had not done.
3e 4C 34
8
וּבְאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֗ה עָלָ֞ה סַנְחֵרִ֤יב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ עַ֣ל כָּל־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת וַֽיִּתְפְּשֵֽׂם 13 And in the fourteenth year of the reign of Hezekiah, Senacherib king of Ashur came up to all the enclosed cities of Judah and occupied them. 3c 4C 36
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח חִזְקִיָּ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֣ה אֶל־מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֩ ׀ לָכִ֨ישָׁה ׀ לֵאמֹ֤ר ׀ חָטָ֙אתִי֙ שׁ֣וּב מֵֽעָלַ֔י אֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלַ֖י אֶשָּׂ֑א
וַיָּ֨שֶׂם מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֜וּר עַל־חִזְקִיָּ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה שְׁלֹ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ כִּכַּר־כֶּ֔סֶף וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֖ים כִּכַּ֥ר זָהָֽב
14 And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Ashur towards Lachish, saying, I have sinned. Turn back from me. What you assign against me, I will bear.
And the king of Ashur set over Hezekiah, king of Judah, three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.
3d 4C 37
31
וַיִּתֵּן֙ חִזְקִיָּ֔ה אֶת־כָּל־הַכֶּ֖סֶף הַנִּמְצָ֣א בֵית־יְהוָ֑ה
וּבְאֹצְר֖וֹת בֵּ֥ית הַמֶּֽלֶךְ
15 And Hezekiah gave all the silver that was found in the house of Yahweh,
and in the treasuries of the house of the king.
3e 4B 17
7
בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא קִצַּ֨ץ חִזְקִיָּ֜ה אֶת־דַּלְת֨וֹת הֵיכַ֤ל יְהוָה֙ וְאֶת־הָאֹ֣מְנ֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִפָּ֔ה חִזְקִיָּ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה
וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם לְמֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר
16 At that time Hezekiah sundered the gateways of the temple of Yahweh,
(and the faithfulness which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid) and he gave them to the king of Ashur.
3e 4C 33
8
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁ֡וּר אֶת־תַּרְתָּ֥ן וְאֶת־רַב־סָרִ֣יס ׀ וְאֶת־רַב־שָׁקֵ֨ה מִן־לָכִ֜ישׁ אֶל־הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ חִזְקִיָּ֛הוּ בְּחֵ֥יל כָּבֵ֖ד יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
וַֽיַּעֲלוּ֙ וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וַיַּעֲל֣וּ וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙ בִּתְעָלַת֙ הַבְּרֵכָ֣ה הָֽעֶלְיוֹנָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֕ר בִּמְסִלַּ֖ת שְׂדֵ֥ה כוֹבֵֽס
17 And the king of Ashur sent a field marshall and a eunuch overlord and a cupbearer overlord from Lachish to king Hezekiah with heavy force to Jerusalem,
and they went up and they entered Jerusalem, and they went up and they came and they stood by the conduit of the blessing pool, the upper part that is on the highway to the field of the fuller.
3c 4B 39
41
וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיֵּצֵ֧א אֲלֵהֶ֛ם אֶלְיָקִ֥ים בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֖הוּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַבָּ֑יִת
וְשֶׁבְנָה֙ הַסֹּפֵ֔ר וְיוֹאָ֥ח בֶּן־אָסָ֖ף הַמַּזְכִּֽיר
18 So they called out to the king and Elyaqim child of Hilqiah, who is over the house, went out to them,
and Shebna the secretary, and Joah child of Asaph, the archivist.
3c 4B 28
15
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ רַב־שָׁקֵ֔ה אִמְרוּ־נָ֖א אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ
כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ הַגָּדוֹל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר מָ֧ה הַבִּטָּח֛וֹן הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּטָֽחְתָּ
19 And the cupbearer overlord said to them, Say now to Hezekiah,
Thus says the great king, the king of Ashur, What is this trust that you have trusted?
3c 4C 16
25
אָמַ֙רְתָּ֙ אַךְ־דְּבַר־שְׂפָתַ֔יִם עֵצָ֥ה וּגְבוּרָ֖ה לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה
עַתָּה֙ עַל־מִ֣י בָטַ֔חְתָּ כִּ֥י מָרַ֖דְתָּ בִּֽי
20 You say, (surely a lippy word). Counsel and valour to war.
Now on whom do you trust that you mutiny against me?
3e 4B 18
12
עַתָּ֡ה הִנֵּ֣ה בָטַ֣חְתָּ לְּךָ֡ עַל־מִשְׁעֶנֶת֩ הַקָּנֶ֨ה הָרָצ֤וּץ הַזֶּה֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִסָּמֵ֥ךְ אִישׁ֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבָ֥א בְכַפּ֖וֹ וּנְקָבָ֑הּ
כֵּ֚ן פַּרְעֹ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֔יִם לְכָֽל־הַבֹּטְחִ֖ים עָלָֽיו
21 Now, behold, you trust yourself on the staff of this splintered calamus, of Egypt, which anyone who wants its support, it will go into his palm and pierce him.
So is Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, to all those who trust in him.
3e 4C 40
14
וְכִי־תֹאמְר֣וּן אֵלַ֔י אֶל־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ בָּטָ֑חְנוּ
הֲלוֹא־ה֗וּא אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵסִ֤יר חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶת־בָּמֹתָ֣יו וְאֶת־מִזְבְּחֹתָ֔יו וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לִֽיהוּדָה֙ וְלִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לִפְנֵי֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֣חַ הַזֶּ֔ה תִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֖וּ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם
22 But if you say to me, To Yahweh our God we have trusted,
is it not he whose high places and altars Hezekiah put aside, and said to Judah and to Jerusalem, Before this altar you will prostrate yourselves in Jerusalem?
3e 4C 16
48
וְעַתָּה֙ הִתְעָ֣רֶב נָ֔א אֶת־אֲדֹנִ֖י אֶת־מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֑וּר
וְאֶתְּנָ֤ה לְךָ֙ אַלְפַּ֣יִם סוּסִ֔ים אִם־תּוּכַ֕ל לָ֥תֶת לְךָ֖ רֹכְבִ֥ים עֲלֵיהֶֽם
23 So now ensure, please, my lord the king of Ashur,
and I will assign to you two thousand horses, if you can put forth for yourself riders on them.
3e 4C 16
21
וְאֵ֣יךְ תָּשִׁ֗יב אֵ֠ת פְּנֵ֨י פַחַ֥ת אַחַ֛ד עַבְדֵ֥י אֲדֹנִ֖י הַקְּטַנִּ֑ים
וַתִּבְטַ֤ח לְךָ֙ עַל־מִצְרַ֔יִם לְרֶ֖כֶב וּלְפָרָשִֽׁים
24 How then will you turn the face of one viceroy of the least of my lord's servants?
And you put your trust in Egypt for chariot and cavalry!
3d 4C 19
15
עַתָּה֙ הֲמִבַּלְעֲדֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה עָלִ֛יתִי עַל־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה לְהַשְׁחִת֑וֹ
יְהוָה֙ אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֔י עֲלֵ֛ה עַל־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַזֹּ֖את וְהַשְׁחִיתָֽהּ
25 Now was it apart from Yahweh that I come up against this place to destroy it?
Yahweh said to me, Go up to this land and destroy it.
3d 4B 22
18
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ
וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָֽה
26 And Elyaqim child of Hilqiah said, and Shebna and Joah, to the overlord cupbearer,
Speak, please, to your servants, Aramaic, for we are the ones hearing, and do not speak with us Judean in the ears of the people that are on the wall.
3e 4C 38
22
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה הַעַ֨ל אֲדֹנֶ֤יךָ וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ שְׁלָחַ֣נִי אֲדֹנִ֔י לְדַבֵּ֖ר אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה
הֲלֹ֣א עַל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חֹמָ֔ה לֶאֱכֹ֣ל אֶת צוֹאָתָ֗ם וְלִשְׁתּ֛וֹת אֶת־מימֵ֥י רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם עִמָּכֶֽם
27 And the overlord cupbearer said to them, Is it against your lord or against you, that my lord sent me to speak these words?
Is it not against the men sitting on the wall, to eat their filth, and to imbibe the water of their feet, with you.
3d 4C 36
34
וַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙ רַב־שָׁקֵ֔ה וַיִּקְרָ֥א בְקוֹל־גָּד֖וֹל יְהוּדִ֑ית
וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר וַיֹּ֔אמֶר שִׁמְע֛וּ דְּבַר־הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ הַגָּד֖וֹל מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר
28 And the overlord cupbearer stood, and he proclaimed with a great voice in Judean.
And he spoke, and he said, Hear the word of the great king, the king of Ashur,
3d 4B 17
20
כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אַל־יַשִּׁ֥יא לָכֶ֖ם חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ
כִּי־לֹ֣א יוּכַ֔ל לְהַצִּ֥יל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיָּדֽוֹ
29 C Thus says the king, Do not let Hezekiah lure you,
for he is not able to deliver you from his hand.
3e 4C 15
11
וְאַל־יַבְטַ֨ח אֶתְכֶ֤ם חִזְקִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה לֵאמֹ֔ר הַצֵּ֥ל יַצִּילֵ֖נוּ יְהוָ֑ה
וְלֹ֤א תִנָּתֵן֙ אֶת־הָעִ֣יר הַזֹּ֔את בְּיַ֖ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר
30 So do not let Hezekiah make you trust to Yahweh, saying, For deliverance, Yahweh will deliver us,
and this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Ashur.
3e 4C 23
16
אַֽל־תִּשְׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֑הוּ
כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֗וּר עֲשֽׂוּ־אִתִּ֤י בְרָכָה֙ וּצְא֣וּ אֵלַ֔י וְאִכְל֤וּ אִישׁ־גַּפְנוֹ֙ וְאִ֣ישׁ תְּאֵֽנָת֔וֹ וּשְׁת֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ מֵֽי־בוֹרֽוֹ
31 Do not hear Hezekiah,
for thus says the king of Ashur, Deal me a blessing, and come forth to me, and eat, each of their vine, and each of their fig tree, and imbibe, each of the waters of their cistern,
3e 4C 9
35
עַד־בֹּאִי֩ וְלָקַחְתִּ֨י אֶתְכֶ֜ם אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּאַרְצְכֶ֗ם אֶרֶץ֩ דָּגָ֨ן וְתִיר֜וֹשׁ אֶ֧רֶץ לֶ֣חֶם וּכְרָמִ֗ים אֶ֣רֶץ זֵ֤ית יִצְהָר֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ וִֽחְי֖וּ וְלֹ֣א תָמֻ֑תוּ
וְאַֽל־תִּשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֔הוּ כִּֽי־יַסִּ֤ית אֶתְכֶם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יְהוָ֖ה יַצִּילֵֽנוּ
32 until I come, and I will take you to a land like your land, a land of grain and new wine, a land of bread and vineyards, a land of olive, the clarified oil and honey, so live and you will not die.
So do not hear Hezekiah when he persuades you, saying, Yahweh will deliver us.
3c 4C 44
22
הַהַצֵּ֥ל הִצִּ֛ילוּ אֱלֹהֵ֥י הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אַרְצ֑וֹ
מִיַּ֖ד מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר
33 Deliverance? Did any God of the nations deliver his land,
from the hand of the king of Ashur?
3d 4B 16
6
אַיֵּה֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י חֲמָ֜ת וְאַרְפָּ֗ד אַיֵּ֛ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י סְפַרְוַ֖יִם הֵנַ֣ע וְעִוָּ֑ה
כִּֽי־הִצִּ֥ילוּ אֶת־שֹׁמְר֖וֹן מִיָּדִֽי
34 Where is the God of Hamath and Arpad? Where is the God of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Iva,
that they delivered Samaria from my hands?
3d 4B 23
9
מִ֚י בְּכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽאֲרָצ֔וֹת אֲשֶׁר־הִצִּ֥ילוּ אֶת־אַרְצָ֖ם מִיָּדִ֑י
כִּי־יַצִּ֧יל יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מִיָּדִֽי
35 C Who is among all the gods of the lands that did deliver their land from my hands,
that Yahweh should deliver Jerusalem from my hands?
3c 4C 21
12
וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁוּ הָעָ֔ם וְלֹֽא־עָנ֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ דָּבָ֑ר
כִּי־מִצְוַ֨ת הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ הִ֛יא לֵאמֹ֖ר לֹ֥א תַעֲנֻֽהוּ
36 But the people kept silence and they did not answer him a thing,
for the commandment of the king was this, saying, Do not answer him.
3d 4B 14
14
וַיָּבֹ֣א אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֣ה אֲשֶׁר־עַל־הַ֠בַּיִת וְשֶׁבְנָ֨א הַסֹּפֵ֜ר וְיוֹאָ֨ח בֶּן־אָסָ֧ף הַמַּזְכִּ֛יר אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ קְרוּעֵ֣י בְגָדִ֑ים
וַיַּגִּ֣דוּ ל֔וֹ דִּבְרֵ֖י רַב־שָׁקֵֽה
37 And Elyaqim child of Hilqiah came in, (who was over the house), and Shebna the secretary, and Joah child of Asaph, the archivist, to Hezekiah, their garments ripped,
and they made clear to him the words of the cupbearer overlord.
3c 4B 42
10

Some time ago, I looked at the domain of culture-rule with respect to nouns. It has gotten more complex The list below only touches the surface, for each of these nouns has other common glosses, both noun and verb. Yet it seems that titles of authorities have come from other words. I am still trying to imagine how I will use analytical techniques to critique my glosses when I get more and more towards completion. I think I will need English parsing algorithms for both verbs and nouns.

אדון lord, master
אחשׁדרפנים satrap
אלף captain,
אשׁף astrologist
בעל baal, owner, senior, superior
חרטם magician
חשׁם ambassador
טפסר marshal
לחשׁ conjurer
מלך king, monarch, queen
משׁל governor
נדב prince
נשׂא principal
סגן prefect
סריס eunuch
סרן chieftain
פחה viceroy
פרתם patrician
קצה dictator
רב overlord
רדה rule
רזן rule-maker
שׁטר overseer
שׁלושׁ adjutant
שׁלט authority

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